论我国BITs中国际投资仲裁庭权力约束问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 19:11

本文选题：国际投资仲裁 + 权力约束　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来国际投资仲裁庭在处理投资者-东道国争端解决过程中出现了正当性危机,其中一个重要表现是仲裁庭通过扩大解释仲裁管辖权和条约解释权,进而提升自由裁量权。扩大仲裁管辖权体现为任意解释保护伞条款、岔路口条款和最惠国待遇条款,将本不属于仲裁庭管辖的案件纳入自身的管辖范围。而扩大条约解释权体现为通过扩大公平公正待遇条款的适用以及为了提高自由裁量权严格限制适用遵循先例的方法,在投资者-东道国争端解决中偏袒投资者利益,而置东道国公共利益于不顾。仲裁庭的此种做法打破了投资者与东道国之间的利益平衡,引发了诸多争议。基于此,国际社会开始探索新的跨国投资纠纷解决机制,以重塑投资者与东道国之间的利益关系格局。由于在投资者-东道国争端解决机制中,国际投资仲裁庭的仲裁权源于投资条约缔约国的授权,因此有必要在我国的双边及多边投资条约中采取合理措施对仲裁庭的管辖权和条约解释权进行适当约束。纵观我国双边投资协定的发展历程,经历了从严格限制到完全开放的过程,现有的双边投资协定无法对仲裁风险进行有效防范。因此,我国亟需对条约的关键性、存在潜在风险的条款进行修正和完善,使其能够与当前的国际投资环境相适应,从而保护我国的公共利益和公民的合法权益。本文分为四个部分,第一部分主要介绍我国在BITs中对国际投资仲裁庭权力进行约束的必要性,这是引发本文研究的主要原因及价值所在。笔者将这一问题从两个方面对其必要性进行阐述,一是国际投资仲裁庭管辖权扩张导致东道国法律适用空间被压缩,二是仲裁庭通过扩大解释条约内容,使得仲裁有失公正性。第二部分叙述了我国BITs对仲裁庭权力约束不足的表现及成因,在结合国内情况的基础上明确现实问题,进一步体现完善仲裁庭权力约束的重要价值。第三部分主要介绍了对国际投资仲裁庭权力进行约束的国际法依据与需要进行的利益考量。第四部分重点论述约束仲裁庭权力的具体途径,从当前BITs条款中的薄弱环节入手,从约束管辖权与条约解释权两个方面着手阐述具体对策。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the international investment arbitration tribunal has appeared a crisis of legitimacy in the process of dealing with investor-host country dispute settlement, one of the important manifestations of which is the expansion of arbitration jurisdiction and treaty interpretation power by the arbitral tribunal, thereby enhancing the discretion. The expansion of arbitration jurisdiction is embodied in the arbitrary interpretation of umbrella clause, fork crossing clause and most-favoured-nation clause, and brings the cases which are not under the jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal into its jurisdiction. The expansion of the power of treaty interpretation is embodied in the interests of investors in the settlement of disputes between investors and host countries by expanding the application of the fair and just treatment clause and by strictly restricting the application of the right of discretion to abide by precedents. And ignore the public interest of the host country. By doing so, the tribunal upset the balance of interests between investors and the host country, sparking controversy. Based on this, the international community began to explore a new transnational investment dispute resolution mechanism in order to reshape the interest relationship between investors and host countries. Since, in the investor-host country dispute settlement mechanism, the arbitral authority of an international investment tribunal derives from the authorization of a State party to an investment treaty, Therefore, it is necessary to take reasonable measures in our bilateral and multilateral investment treaties to restrict the jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal and the power of treaty interpretation. During the development of bilateral investment agreements (bits) in China, it has experienced from strict restriction to full opening, and the existing bilateral investment agreements (bits) cannot effectively guard against arbitration risks. Therefore, it is urgent for our country to amend and perfect the key and potentially risky provisions of the treaty so that they can adapt to the current international investment environment and thus protect the public interests of our country and the legitimate rights and interests of our citizens. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part mainly introduces the necessity of binding the power of international investment arbitration tribunal in BITs, which is the main reason and value of this study. The author expounds this problem from two aspects: first, the expansion of the jurisdiction of the international investment arbitration tribunal results in the compression of the applicable space of the host country's law; the other is that the arbitration tribunal loses its fairness by expanding the interpretation of the treaty content. The second part describes the performance and causes of the insufficient power constraint of the arbitral tribunal by BITs in our country. It clarifies the practical problems on the basis of the domestic situation and further reflects the important value of perfecting the power constraint of the arbitral tribunal. The third part mainly introduces the international law basis and the need to consider the power of the international investment tribunal. The fourth part focuses on the specific ways of binding the power of the arbitral tribunal, starting with the weak links in the current BITs clause, from the two aspects of binding jurisdiction and treaty interpretation power to elaborate the specific countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D996.4

【相似文献】