论建立中国国际碳排放交易法律制度

发布时间：2018-06-01 03:55

本文选题：碳排放交易 + 法律制度　；参考：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：全球气候变暖已经是不争的事实。科学研究表明人类大量使用化石能源所产生的温室气体是导致全球变暖的主要原因。碳排放交易制度为人类提供了一种低成本高效率的碳减排促进机制,因而在世界范围内兴起。我国也应该尽快在国内建立自己的碳排放交易机制,而机制的建立必须从相关法律制度的构建开始。本文分三个部分论述了中国国际碳排放交易法律制度的建立这一主题。论文的第一部分从碳排放交易法律制度的概念着手,分析了气候变化下国际社会合作建立的法律制度和执行机构,着重对美国、澳大利亚、日本的碳排放交易法律制度现状进行了概述。论文第二部分首先阐述了欧盟碳排放交易法律制度,包括分析论述EU ETS运行机制,对欧盟碳排放交易法律制度的核心2003/87/EC指令及其四次修订在原文的基础上进行有重点的翻译和评论,并以英国的第一阶段的国家分配计划原文为研究蓝本,分析了欧盟成员国的“国家分配计划”；接下来本文第二部分对中国现行的碳交易法律制度从宪法、碳减排相关环境法、碳减排相关能源法、《清洁发展机制项目运行管理办法》、我国参与的国际条约宣言协定等方面进行了分类讨论,并从法律缺失和现存法律的缺陷两个方面指出了制度的局限性；在前述讨论的基础上,论文第二部分对中国构建碳排放交易法律制度做了必要性及可行性分析,其中必要性分析内容包括国际国内气候形势严峻,国内化石能源的供应日趋紧张,中国CDM项目前景不明以及来自国际社会的强大碳减排压力；可行性分析亦从四个方面展开,分别是对国际法律制度的参考、中国的低碳政策的支持和国内碳交易市场实践的基础、与碳税制度相辅相成以及跻身国际金融市场竞争行列的机遇。论文的第三部分从借鉴欧盟碳排放交易法律制度出发,分析了中国构建碳排放交易法律制度的原则,并对碳排放信息统计监测规则、碳排放权配额分配规则、配额登记结算规则、减排量核证监管规则、碳减排责任机制与规则、机构设置等六项规则的建立提出了建议,该部分还对我国目前CDM技术转让的现状作了评析,建议我国单独制定CDM技术转让规则以保证我国从发达国家获得CDM项目技术,最后就中国未来依托上海合作组织建立区域国际碳交易市场进行了展望。
[Abstract]:Global warming is an indisputable fact. Scientific research shows that the greenhouse gases produced by the extensive use of fossil energy are the main causes of global warming. Carbon emissions trading system provides a low cost and high efficiency carbon emission reduction promotion mechanism, so it is emerging all over the world. China should also establish its own carbon trading mechanism in China as soon as possible, and the establishment of the mechanism must begin with the construction of relevant legal system. This paper discusses the establishment of China's international carbon trading legal system in three parts. The first part of the paper begins with the concept of the legal system of carbon emissions trading, and analyzes the legal system and enforcement agencies established by the international community in the context of climate change, focusing on the United States, Australia, the United States of America, Australia, the United States of America and Australia. The current situation of the legal system of carbon emissions trading in Japan is summarized. In the second part of the paper, the legal system of carbon emissions trading in EU is introduced, including the operation mechanism of EU ETS. The core 2003/87/EC Directive and its four revisions to the European Union's legal regime on carbon emissions trading are translated and commented on the basis of the original text, and are based on the original text of the first phase of the United Kingdom's national distribution plan. The second part of this paper analyzes the current carbon trading legal system of China from the constitution, carbon abatement related environmental law. Carbon abatement related energy law, clean development mechanism project operation management method, international treaty declaration agreement that our country participates in, etc., have carried on the classification discussion, and point out the limitation of the system from the two aspects of the lack of law and the defect of the existing law; On the basis of the above discussion, the second part of the paper makes an analysis of the necessity and feasibility of establishing a legal system for carbon emissions trading in China. The necessity analysis includes the severe climate situation at home and abroad. The supply of domestic fossil energy is increasingly tight, the prospect of China's CDM project is unclear and the pressure from the international community to reduce carbon emissions is strong. The feasibility analysis is also carried out from four aspects, respectively, as a reference for the international legal system. The support of China's low-carbon policy and the basis of domestic carbon trading market practice complement the carbon tax system and the opportunity to compete in the international financial market. The third part of the thesis starts from the European Union carbon emissions trading legal system, analyzes the principles of China's construction of carbon emissions trading legal system, and the carbon emission information statistics monitoring rules, carbon emission rights quota allocation rules. The rules of quota registration and settlement, the regulation of emission reduction certification, the mechanism and rules of carbon abatement responsibility, the establishment of institutions, and so on, are proposed. In this part, the current situation of CDM technology transfer in China is also analyzed. It is suggested that China should make CDM technology transfer rules alone to ensure that China can obtain CDM project technology from developed countries. Finally, the prospect of establishing regional international carbon trading market by relying on Shanghai Cooperation Organization in the future is discussed.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D996.9

【引证文献】