对构建我国海外投资保险制度的思考

发布时间：2018-06-01 09:30

本文选题：海外投资 + 海外投资保险制度　；参考：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：海外投资保险制度以国家为后盾来减少海外投资者的风险，使私人海外投资更有保证，该制度受到资本输出国以及海外投资者的青睐。我国作为较大的资本输出国，建立属于自己的海外投资保险制度已十分紧要。本文分析了我国建立健全海外投资保险制度的必要性，介绍了最具特点的海外投资保险制度，即美国、德国和日本三个国家的海外投资保险制度，分析了其对我国该制度建立的参考与借鉴意义。论文重点对构建我国的海外投资保险制度提出自己的建议与设想。本文分为四个部分对这一主题进行论述：第一部分是对海外投资保险制度的概述。本部分阐释了海外投资保险制度的含义、由来与历史发展。海外投资保险制度产生于美国，“二战”后美国为了实行援外计划，成立海外私人投资公司，对海外投资者所面临的政治风险进行承保。该制度逐渐被其他发达国家借鉴和效仿，随后一些发展中国家也制定了相应的制度。第二部分对我国海外投资保险制度的现状进行分析。我国的海外投资保险制度从国内立法角度看并不完善，一些部门规章或政策性规定效力较低。从国际层面来看，我国已与许多国家签订了双边投资保护协定，协定中大都包含海外投资保险方面的规定，例如对代位权的承认。但是由于缺乏相应的国内立法作为基础，这些协定中对于海外投资保险方面的规定往往形同虚设。我国虽然加入了《多边投资担保机构公约》，但是该公约对海外投资保险的一些限制，使得我国的海外投资并没有得到很大意义上的保护。近年来我国海外投资事业以较快的速度发展，而投资者面临的或潜在的巨大的政治风险却得不到化解，非商业性的投资利益得不到保障。以上这些都表明，我国急需建立健全自己的海外投资保险制度。第三部分阐述了具有典型意义和特点的美国、德国和日本三个国家的海外投资保险制度，分析了其对构建我国海外投资保险制度可吸取的经验。论文分别阐述了这三个国家海外投资保险法律制度的主要内容和结构模式，特别是其对保险人、投保人、承保范围、承保条件以及保险费用、期限和赔偿金的相关规定。就法律关系主体来说，美国和日本都采用“两主体说”，德国则采用“三主体说”；对于承保范围，三个国家都将外汇险、征收险和战乱险作为主要的险别，另外还各自规定了一些特别的险别。三个国家对合格的投资都从投资、投资者和东道国三个方面进行了规定。第四部分是笔者对构建我国的海外投资保险制度的设想。本文认为，就海外投资保险关系的主体来说，我国在保险机构的设置上可以借鉴德国的模式，采取“分离制”，，适用“三主体说”；对于承保险别，我国在规定外汇险、征收险和战乱险的基础上，还可以纳入一些特别的险种，例如政府违约险、迟延支付险等；对于合格投资的判定，我国可以借鉴三个国家所对该制度具体规定，分别设置不同的标准；对于保险费、保险期间和保险金，我国应该根据自己的实际情况进行专业性的科学的设置。
[Abstract]:The overseas investment insurance system is backed by the country to reduce the risk of overseas investors and make private overseas investment more guaranteed. The system is favored by the capital exporting countries and overseas investors. As a larger capital exporter, China is very important to establish its own overseas investment insurance system. The necessity of the overseas investment insurance system is to introduce the most characteristic overseas investment insurance system, namely, the overseas investment insurance system of three countries in the United States, Germany and Japan, and analyze its reference and reference significance to the establishment of the system in our country. The paper puts forward some suggestions and ideas for the construction of the overseas investment insurance system in China.
This article is divided into four parts:
The first part is an overview of the overseas investment insurance system. This part explains the meaning of the overseas investment insurance system, the origin and the historical development. The overseas investment insurance system came into being in the United States. After the "World War II", the United States established the Overseas Private Investment Company to undercover the political risks faced by the overseas investors. The system was gradually learned and emulated by other developed countries. Subsequently, some developing countries also formulated corresponding systems.
The second part analyses the current situation of China's overseas investment insurance system. The overseas investment insurance system of our country is not perfect from the domestic legislative point of view, and some department rules or policy stipulations are less effective. From the international level, China has signed bilateral investment protection agreements with many countries, most of which include overseas investment. The provisions of insurance, such as the recognition of the right of subrogation, but the lack of relevant domestic legislation as a basis for the provision of overseas investment insurance is often the same. Although China has joined the Convention on the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, some restrictions on overseas investment insurance have led to China's sea. Foreign investment has not been greatly protected. In recent years, China's overseas investment has developed rapidly, but the huge political risks that investors face or potential are not resolved, and the non commercial investment benefits can not be guaranteed. All these show that our country is in urgent need to establish and improve its own overseas investment insurance system. Degree.
The third part expounds the overseas investment insurance system of the United States, Germany and Japan in three countries with typical significance and characteristics, and analyzes its experience in the construction of the overseas investment insurance system in China. The paper expounds the main contents and structural models of the legal system of overseas investment insurance in these three countries, in particular its protection to the insurance system. The insurer, the insured, the scope of insurance, the conditions of underwriting and the insurance costs, the time limit and the relevant provisions of the compensation. For the subject of legal relations, the United States and Japan adopt the "two subject", and the German "three subject"; for the scope of the insurance, three countries will take foreign exchange insurance, expropriation risk and war risk as the main risk, and the other three countries are the main risks. Some special risks are also stipulated. Three countries invest in qualified investment from investors, investors and host countries in three aspects.
The fourth part is the author's assumption of the construction of the overseas investment insurance system in our country. This article holds that, in terms of the main body of the overseas investment insurance relationship, our country can draw on the German model, adopt the "separation system" and apply the "three subject" in the setting of the insurance agency, and for the underwriting insurance, our country stipulates foreign exchange insurance, expropriation of risk and war. On the basis of the risk, we can also include some special types of insurance, such as the government default risk, delay payment and so on. For the determination of qualified investment, China can draw on the specific regulations of the three countries and set up the different standards respectively. For the insurance, insurance period and insurance, our country should proceed according to its own actual situation. A professional scientific setting.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.4;D922.284

【引证文献】