论最密切联系原则在涉外合同领域的适用

发布时间：2018-06-03 10:13

本文选题：最密切联系原则 + 涉外合同　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为当代国际私法中的一项基本原则,最密切联系原则产生于合同领域,而后以其稳定性和灵活性兼具的优势相继在侵权、国籍冲突、人身关系、管辖权的确定等多个领域得到适用。最密切联系原则作为涉外合同法律选择的基本指导思想,已经在世界各国的法律规定和司法实践中得到充分体现。通过比较分析和实证分析的方法,研究世界各国对于最密切联系原则在立法方面规定和司法实践,既可以为中国准确适用该原则提供相应的参考,同时可为最密切联系原则的发展指明方向。文章第一部分首先阐述了最密切联系原则的定义及其在合同领域的历史沿革。“最密切联系原则”的核心在于“最密切联系点”的确定。萨维尼的“法律关系本座说”通常被认为是最密切联系原则理论起源；19世纪50年代,英美法院的相关司法判例为其奠定了实践基础；美国《冲突法重述(第二次)》的出版标志了最密切联系原则在合同领域适用的确立。其次分析了最密切联系原则适用的优势与不足之处。最密切联系原则优势在于突破传统冲突规范的束缚,协调与融合了不同的法律利益与关系。其不足之处在于法律适用的不确定性及增加诉讼成本。文章第二部分,首先阐述了行为地法原则、意思自治原则、最密切联系原则及合同自体法四种理论在确定合同准据法方面的适用情况。其次分析了最密切联系原则在国外的“纯粹型、改良型、融入型”三种立法模式。再次,阐述合同要素分析、特征分析、结果分析三种确定最密切联系点的判断方法；最后,实证分析了随着国际交往的增多及网络的兴起出现的国际电子商务合同、国际知识产权合同、国际消费合同及国际劳务合同等新型合同中适用最密切联系原则的情况。第三部分,文章分析了最密切联系原则在中国合同领域的国内立法及司法实践的现状,指出我国在相关立法和司法实践方面存在的不足之处,并有针对性的提出改进的建议。
[Abstract]:As a basic principle in contemporary private international law, the principle of the closest connection arises in the field of contract, and then, with its advantages of both stability and flexibility, it is followed by torts, conflicts of nationality and personal relations. The determination of jurisdiction and other fields have been applied. As the basic guiding ideology of the choice of foreign contract law, the principle of the closest connection has been fully embodied in the legal provisions and judicial practice of the countries all over the world. By means of comparative analysis and empirical analysis, this paper studies the legislative provisions and judicial practice of the most closely related principle in the world, which can provide a corresponding reference for China to apply the principle accurately. At the same time, it can show the direction for the development of the principle of the closest connection. In the first part, the definition of the closest relation principle and its history in the field of contract are introduced. The core of the closeness principle lies in the determination of the closest contact point. Savini's "legal relation theory" is generally considered to be the origin of the theory of the principle of closest connection. In the 1850s, the relevant judicial cases of British and American courts laid a practical foundation for it. The publication of the American restatement of conflict of laws (second time) marks the establishment of the principle of closest connection in the field of contracts. Secondly, it analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the application of the closest relation principle. The advantage of the closest relation principle lies in breaking through the shackles of traditional conflict norms and coordinating and merging different legal interests and relations. Its deficiency lies in the uncertainty of the application of law and the increase of litigation cost. In the second part, the author first expounds the application of four theories, namely, the principle of territorial law of conduct, the principle of autonomy of will, the principle of the closest connection and the law of contract itself in determining the applicable law of contract. Secondly, it analyzes the three legislative models of "pure type, improved type and integration type" of the closest relation principle in foreign countries. Thirdly, it expounds three methods to determine the closest contact point, including contract element analysis, characteristic analysis and result analysis. Finally, it analyzes the international electronic commerce contract with the increase of international communication and the rise of network. International intellectual property contracts, international consumption contracts and international labor contracts and other new contracts applicable to the closest contact principle. In the third part, the article analyzes the current situation of the domestic legislation and judicial practice of the principle of the closest connection in the field of contracts in China, points out the shortcomings of the relevant legislation and judicial practice in our country, and puts forward some suggestions for improvement.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D997

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