刑事被告人人权保障的法律价值分析

发布时间：2018-06-03 21:17

本文选题：刑事被告人 + 人权保障　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会的发展，法治也越来越健全。人权已不再是一个陌生的概念，，人权理念的确立、人权的保障已渐渐融入到了我国的法治进程中。所谓人权，就是属于人或者关于人的权利，即人作为人所应该享有的、不可被剥夺或转让的权利，是人之所以为人的最基本的权利，是个人参与社会活动的基础，是个人享有政治权力、参与国家管理的基石。近年来，人权保障问题受到世界各国政府和公民的不断关注。但实际上，人权在具有普遍适用性的同时，还具有个性。例如，在不同国家在不同时期追求的人权内容是不同的，同时不同社会群体之间的人权内容也是存在差异的，当然还表现在很多其他方面。本文我们将探讨人权的个性，以及人权个性在刑事被告人这一社会群体中所表现出来的其他相关问题。所谓刑事被告人的人权是指在刑事诉讼过程中，具有被告人身份的公民，法律规范予以确认的其所有的权利和自由。刑事被告人的人权并不专属于某一个人，而是属于在刑事诉讼这一特定条件下具有被告人身份的这一类人的权利。所以，侵犯刑事被告人的权利的同时也意味着对所有公民权利的侵犯。在我国刚刚通过的新刑事诉讼法中，已将“尊重和保障人权”写入总则，而这里所提到的保障人权就是保障犯罪嫌疑人、被告人和罪犯的诉讼权利，可见，我国已越来越关注对这些特殊群体的权利保障。本文通过使用价值分析方法、历史分析方法、比较分析方法、规范分析方法等方法来研究我国刑事被告人这一类特殊群体的人权保障问题。在本文的第一部分，主要介绍了关于人权及刑事被告人人权的一些基本理论，并侧重阐述刑事被告人人权在不同社会群体之间的特性，例如关于刑事被告人概念的界定和特征。第二部分通过价值分析方法分析刑事被告人人权保障的一些法律价值，保障刑事被告人这一特殊群体的人权是法律追求正义、安全、自由等法律价值的体现。第三部分通过对一些国际法律规范和我国在2012年的刑事诉讼法中关于被告人人权保障的分析，总结我国刑事被告人人权保障已经取得的成绩和存在的一些问题。在第四部分，针对司法实践中存在的问题提出了相关建议，主要包括更新司法理念，树立保障被告人人权的价值观，构建科学、合理的法律制度等，进而体现被告人人权保障的法律价值。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the rule of law is becoming more and more perfect. Human rights is no longer a strange concept. With the establishment of the concept of human rights, the protection of human rights has gradually merged into the process of rule of law in our country. The so-called human rights, which belong to or are related to human rights, that is, the rights that human beings should enjoy as human beings and which cannot be deprived or transferred, are the most basic rights of human beings and the basis for individuals to participate in social activities. It is the cornerstone of individual political power and participation in the administration of the country. In recent years, the protection of human rights has been concerned by governments and citizens all over the world. But in fact, human rights have both universal applicability and personality. For example, the content of human rights pursued in different countries at different times is different, at the same time, the content of human rights among different social groups is also different, of course, there are many other aspects. In this paper, we will discuss the personality of human rights and other related problems in the social group of criminal defendants. The human rights of criminal defendants refer to all the rights and freedoms recognized by legal norms in the process of criminal proceedings. The human rights of a criminal defendant does not belong to a person, but to a person who has the status of a defendant under the specific condition of criminal procedure. Therefore, the violation of the rights of the accused also means the violation of all civil rights. In the new criminal procedure law that has just been adopted in our country, "respecting and protecting human rights" has been written into the general principle, and the protection of human rights mentioned here is to guarantee the procedural rights of criminal suspects, defendants and criminals. China has paid more and more attention to the protection of the rights of these special groups. This paper studies the protection of human rights of the special group of criminal defendants in China by means of the methods of value analysis, historical analysis, comparative analysis, normative analysis and so on. In the first part of this paper, we mainly introduce some basic theories about human rights and human rights of criminal defendants, and focus on the characteristics of human rights of criminal defendants in different social groups, such as the definition and characteristics of the concept of criminal defendants. The second part analyzes the legal value of the human rights protection of the criminal defendant through the method of value analysis. The protection of the human rights of this special group of criminal defendants is the embodiment of the legal value of the law in pursuit of justice, security, freedom and so on. The third part summarizes the achievements and problems of human rights protection of criminal defendants in our country through the analysis of some international legal norms and the human rights protection of defendants in our criminal procedure law in 2012. In the fourth part, in view of the problems existing in the judicial practice, the author puts forward some relevant suggestions, including updating the judicial concept, establishing the values of protecting the human rights of the accused, constructing a scientific and reasonable legal system, etc. And then embody the legal value of the defendant's human rights protection.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D925.2;D998.2

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