腐败犯罪所得跨境追回国际法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 16:44

本文选题：《联合国反腐败公约》 + 腐败犯罪所得　；参考：《大连海事大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：跨境转移腐败犯罪所得已成为当前腐败犯罪的一种惯有模式。跨境转移腐败犯罪所得的社会危害性极其严重,不仅给腐败犯罪所得流出国带来危害,而且给腐败犯罪所得流入国的经济安全等带来危害,更给国际社会全球治理带来危害。从20世纪90年代起,国际社会开始关注和打击腐败犯罪所得跨境转移行为。2003年制定的《联合国反腐败公约》首次以专章规定了“资产追回”机制,创新性地以国际法律规范形式规定和涵盖了通过非定罪没收、民事确权之诉、民事侵权之诉、确权决定程序等途径追回跨境转移的腐败犯罪所得,并系统全面地规定了与腐败犯罪所得跨境追回相关的内容、步骤、缔约国权利和义务。本文在分析当前跨境转移腐败犯罪所得的现象及其危害的基础上,介绍了国际社会、相关国际组织及国家(地区)惩防跨境转移腐败犯罪所得行为的具体做法及法律规范,分析了UNCAC公约第31条、第54条和第55条之间的关系,分析了学界关于追回途径的划分,分析了跨境追回腐败犯罪所得的政治因素阻碍、事实因素阻碍及法律因素阻碍,并在分析UNCAC公约第5章的贯彻实施、国家司法系统的能力建设、国际合作的持续推进、相关制度的修改完善等在跨境追回腐败犯罪所得过程中的重要作用的基础上,分别就其具体内容进行研究,最终提出完善中国跨境追回腐败犯罪所得面临的法律对策。本论文共分十个部分。前言介绍本论文写作的意义、拟研究的内容、采取的研究方法和拟解决的问题。第1章至第8章是本论文的正文。第1章分析了腐败犯罪所得跨境转移的现象及其危害,指出腐败犯罪所得跨境转移对流入国可能存在短时期内的促进经济发展的作用,但从长远来看,腐败犯罪所得跨境转移给流入国带来的危害是极其严重的。第2章介绍了与跨境追回腐败犯罪所得相关的国际法律规范、示范法、各国国内法等内容,指出全球范围内已建立起以《联合国反腐败公约》为核心的腐败犯罪所得跨境追回的法律网络。第3章分析了跨境追回腐败犯罪所得的法律途径,批判当前学界对《联合国反腐败公约》规定的法律途径的分类错误认识,对民事诉讼(民事确权诉讼和民事侵权诉讼)、刑事附带民事诉讼、确权决定程序、基于没收事宜的国际合作等途径的内容、特征、要件进行了探讨。第4章介绍了腐败犯罪所得跨境追回国际合作互助措施,旨在指明腐败犯罪所得跨境追回本身特征决定了唯有通过国际合作互助才能实现最终消灭腐败及其犯罪所得跨境转移现象。第5章分析了腐败犯罪所得跨境追回的成效,指出尽管国际社会建立了较为完善的法律网络,积极开展国际司法互助和合作,但从整体来看,腐败犯罪所得跨境追回效果差强人意,《联合国反腐败公约》第5章条款的执行情况并不乐观。在上述内容基础上,第6章详细分析了跨境追回腐败犯罪所得的政治因素阻碍、事实因素阻碍及法律因素阻碍。第7章提出跨境追回腐败犯罪所得的法律对策,指出需要进一步协调《联合国反腐败公约》与国内法之间的关系,重视对腐败犯罪所得跨境转移的反洗钱法律预防,对法制水平较低国家(地区)持续提供法律技术援助,进一步加强腐败犯罪所得跨境追回的国际法律合作,整合腐败犯罪所得跨境追回联络点网络。第8章结合中国国情和已采取的措施,从一个负责任的大国和国际反腐败的重要力量角度出发,分析中国跨境追回腐败犯罪所得面临的新形势、新挑战,并提出完善中国跨境追回腐败犯罪所得面临的法律对策。本论文最后是结论,对上述内容作一简要总结。
[Abstract]:The income of transboundary transfer of corruption has become a common mode of corruption crime. The social harmfulness of the income of transboundary transfer of corruption is extremely serious, not only endangering the flow of corruption to the country, but also endangering the economic security of the inflow country of the corrupt crime and the global governance of the international community. Since 1990s, the international community has begun to pay attention to and combating the transboundary movement of the proceeds of corruption crimes in.2003. The United Nations Convention against corruption has set up the mechanism of "asset recovery" for the first time in a special chapter. It provides and covers the civil infringement by non conviction confiscation, civil affirmation and civil infringement in the form of international legal norms. In this paper, on the basis of analyzing the phenomenon and its harm of the current cross-border transfer of corruption, this article introduces the international society and the related international. The organization and the state (region) punishes the concrete practices and legal norms of the behavior of the proceeds of transboundary transfer of corruption, analyses the relationship between the thirty-first articles, fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth of the UNCAC convention, analyzes the division of the ways of recovery in the academic circles, analyzes the political factors impeding the income of the cross border recovery of the proceeds of corruption, the impeding of the factual factors and the legal factors. On the basis of the analysis of the implementation of the fifth chapters of the UNCAC convention, the capacity building of the national judicial system, the continuous promotion of international cooperation and the improvement of the relevant systems in the process of the recovery of the proceeds of corruption in the border region, the specific contents are studied, and the completion of the completion of the cross-border pursuit of corruption in China is finally put forward. The legal countermeasures for the income of the crime.
This paper is divided into ten parts. The preface introduces the significance of this thesis, the contents of the study, the research methods and problems to be solved.
The first chapter to the eighth chapter is the main text of this paper. The first chapter analyses the phenomenon and the harm of the transboundary transfer of the proceeds of corruption, and points out that the transboundary transfer of the proceeds of corruption is likely to promote economic development in a short period of time, but in the long run, the translocation of the proceeds of corruption is extremely severe to the inflow country. The second chapter introduces the international legal norms related to the cross border recovery of the proceeds of corruption crime, the demonstration law, the domestic law and so on, and points out that the legal network of the cross-border recovery of the proceeds of corruption, which is the core of the United Nations Convention against corruption, has been established worldwide. The third chapter analyzes the legal path of the cross border recovery of the proceeds of corruption crime. It criticizes the wrong understanding of the classification of the legal channels stipulated in the United Nations Convention against corruption, and discusses the contents, characteristics and elements of the civil action (Civil and civil tort litigation), the criminal incidental civil action, the decision procedure of the right of confirmation and the international cooperation on confiscated matters. The fourth chapter introduces the corruption. The international cooperation and mutual assistance measures across the border of the crime are aimed at identifying the characteristics of the cross-border recovery of the proceeds of corruption, which determines the ultimate elimination of corruption and the cross-border transfer of the proceeds of crime through international cooperation and mutual assistance. The fifth chapter analyses the effectiveness of the cross border recovery of the proceeds of corruption and points out that although the international community has established it A more perfect legal network, actively carrying out international judicial mutual assistance and cooperation, but on the whole, the effect of the cross border recovery of the proceeds of corruption is poor, and the implementation of the fifth chapter of the United Nations Convention against corruption is not optimistic. On the basis of the above, the sixth chapter detailedly analyzes the political hindrance of the cross border recovery of the proceeds of corruption. The seventh chapter puts forward the legal countermeasures for the recovery of the proceeds of corruption crime across the border, and points out that the relationship between the United Nations Convention against corruption and the domestic law should be further coordinated, the legal prevention of the anti money laundering of the transboundary transfer of the proceeds of corruption and the continuous provision of the lower level of the legal system (region) Legal technical assistance should be used to further strengthen international legal cooperation on the cross border recovery of the proceeds of corruption crime and to integrate the network of cross border contact points for the proceeds of corruption crime. The eighth chapter, in the light of China's national conditions and the measures taken, analyzes the income of China's Cross-border pursuit of corruption from a responsible big country and the important force of international anti-corruption. Facing the new situation, new challenges, and put forward the legal countermeasures to improve China's cross-border recovery of corrupt crime proceeds.
At the end of this paper, the conclusion is summarized briefly.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D997

【参考文献】