论加害给付中的国际私法问题

发布时间：2018-06-17 14:25

本文选题：责任竞合 + 涉外加害给付　；参考：《西南政法大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：加害给付是在近代才产生的概念，属于违约责任和侵权责任竞合的情形之一，也是人们日常生活中比较容易碰到的。加害给付责任的实质问题是违约责任与侵权责任竞合与聚合的问题，一方面，一方当事人所交付的合同标的物是存在瑕疵的，因而属于违约行为；另一方面，由于瑕疵给付的标的物还造成了另一方当事人履行利益以外的损失，因而亦属于侵权行为。侵权责任和违约责任的竞合并非古来就有，而是侵权法与合同法两者在渊远的历史中分立与磨合的产物。作为纯粹国内法问题的加害给付所产生的责任问题，无论是对其采取竞合态度还是聚合态度，又或是两者兼顾，都将对国际私法产生影响。本文以加害给付的历史发展以及对涉外加害给付中的识别和法律适用问题为切入点，意在探讨涉外加害给付在我国实践和立法中的国际私法方面的完善问题，并通过逻辑的推理与对现状的分析，对业已存在的我国立法弊端进行总结和扬弃。全文分为四个部分。第一部分，加害给付理论的一般概述。加害给付概念的雏形起源于德国，在这章里面，笔者首先会对加害给付理论的“前世”，即，德国积极侵害债权理论进行分析，尔后再进一步分析日本和我国台湾地区的对加害给付理论的引进和成果，最后分析在我国大陆地区对加害给付规制方法，提出本人对加害给付概念的一点见解。第二部分，涉外加害给付中的识别。这一部分笔者先简要阐述了识别在国际私法中的一般概念和主要问题，，并用历史和分析方法对涉外加害给付中的识别问题做出专门分析，最后提出笔者的一些见解。第三部分，涉外加害给付法律的选择和适用。笔者认为，法律的选择和适用是一个国家立法的价值体现，在涉外加害给付的法律选择上，目前我国立法那种一刀切的模式已经无法适应经济发展的需要，因而笔者在这章中主张要具体问题具体分析，不能一味主张合同法律适用时的最密切联系原则，也不能停留在侵权法律适用时的有利于被害人原则层面上。第四部分，涉外加害给付的法律法规在我国的完善。这一部分笔者先阐述了国际条约中实体法和程序法对加害给付的有关要求，最后在对比两者的基础上对进一步完善我国私法制度提出自己的见解。
[Abstract]:The concept of injurious payment is a new concept, which belongs to the situation of the concurrence of the liability for breach of contract and the liability for tort, and is also easy to encounter in people's daily life. The essential problem of the liability for injurious payment is the concurrence and aggregation of the liability for breach of contract and the liability for tort. On the one hand, the subject matter of the contract delivered by one party is defective, so it belongs to the act of breach of contract; on the other hand, Because the subject matter of defective payment also caused the other party to perform the loss outside the interests, it is also tort. The concurrence of tort liability and breach of contract liability does not exist in ancient times, but is the product of separation and run-in between tort law and contract law in the history of Yuan Yuan. The problem of liability arising from the issue of injurious payment as a purely domestic law issue, whether it is to adopt a competing attitude or a convergent attitude, or both, will have an impact on private international law. Based on the historical development of injurious pay and the problems of identification and application of law, this paper intends to discuss the perfection of international private law in our country's practice and legislation. Through logical reasoning and analysis of the current situation, the existing shortcomings of our legislation are summarized and abandoned. The full text is divided into four parts. The first part, the general overview of the theory of injurious pay. The embryonic form of the concept of injurious compensation originated in Germany. In this chapter, the author will first analyze the theory of injurious pay, that is, the theory of positive infringement of creditor's rights in Germany. Then it further analyzes the introduction and achievement of the theory of injurious pay in Japan and Taiwan, and finally analyzes the regulation method of injurious payment in mainland China, and puts forward my opinion on the concept of injurious pay. The second part, the identification of the foreign-related injury payment. In this part, the author first briefly expounds the general concept and main problems of identification in private international law, and makes a special analysis of the problem of identification in the process of paying damages to foreigners by historical and analytical methods, and finally puts forward some opinions of the author. The third part, the choice and application of the law of foreign-related injurious compensation. The author thinks that the choice and application of the law is the value of a country's legislation. In the choice of the law concerning the compensation of harm to foreigners, the one-size-fits-all mode of legislation in our country has been unable to meet the needs of economic development. Therefore, in this chapter, the author argues that the specific problems should be analyzed, not only the principle of the closest connection in the application of contract law, but also the principle in favor of the victim in the application of tort law. The fourth part, the consummation of the laws and regulations of the foreign-related injurious pay in our country. In this part, the author first expounds the relevant requirements of substantive law and procedural law in international treaties for the payment of damages, and finally puts forward his own views on the further improvement of the private law system of our country on the basis of comparing the two.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D997.1

【参考文献】