论国际商事仲裁的“非当地化”趋势

发布时间：2018-06-22 21:08

本文选题：国际商事仲裁 + 非当地化　；参考：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在二十世纪五、六十年代,一个新的理论——“非当地化”理论被提出,它是仲裁回归本原、日益走向国际化和非当地化的必然产物和重要的理论基础。与传统国际商事仲裁制度不同,“非当地化”理论较大程度地尊重当事人和仲裁庭的自治权,突破了仲裁地法的绝对适用的限制,弱化法院对国际商事仲裁的司法监督,对被撤销的裁决有权依照本国法律决定是否给予执行。国际商事仲裁在总体上已形成“非当地化”趋势,虽然该趋势目前处于有限状态,但它不会消亡反而前景更加光明。文章主体第一部分阐释了国际商事仲裁“非当地化”趋势的产生和成因。从三个经典案例入手,考察国际商事仲裁“非当地化”理论产生的时代背景,探究该理论的具体表现,并论述“非当地化”趋势的成因,为文章主题的详细展开起到立论的作用。文章主体第二部分阐释了国际商事仲裁仲裁“非当地化”的困境和出路。是否接受国际商事仲裁“非当地化”理论,学界所持意见相左,对该理论的评价褒贬不一。“非当地化”理论饱受争议,是因为实现该理论存在一定的现实障碍:国家司法主权制约、当事人意思自治原则本身存在局限性、于仲裁的全过程中国际商事仲裁对仲裁地法院存有依赖、再加上非当地规则的不足等,影响和阻碍了国际商事仲裁“非当地化”趋势的进展。虽遇到现实障碍,但该理论并非进入死胡同,而为“非当地化”的发展提供思想碰撞、理论完善的机会。该理论自身存在合理性,具有强大的生命力,同时顺应时代发展需要,拥有坚实的现实基础,因而“非当地化”的出路是自由而又美好的。文章主体第三部分阐释了国际商事仲裁“非当地化”从理论提出发展至今,已不仅仅停留在理论层面,而是逐步运用于具体实践中。在国家层面上,得到了各国立法和实践上的认可,在国际层面上,也得到了各个国际条约、UNCITRAL《示范法》、UNCITRAL《仲裁规则》等的肯定和支持。虽然“非当地化”程度并不一致,但从总体上观察,国际商事仲裁“非当地化”趋势已实实在在存在。文章主体第四部分阐述了笔者对“非当地化”趋势下我国仲裁制度如何完善的建议。通过考察我国现行仲裁制度,从程序适用、司法监督(着重于撤销权)以及被撤销的国际商事仲裁裁决是否在我国得到承认和执行三方面入手具体分析我国仲裁制度的不足,我国为弥补不足、顺应“非当地化”趋势,不仅需要更新传统仲裁观念还应立足于国情对仲裁法、机构的仲裁规则进行修订和完善。
[Abstract]:In the fifties and sixties of the 20th century, a new theory, "non-localization", was put forward, which is the inevitable outcome and important theoretical basis of the return of arbitration to its original origin and increasingly to internationalization and non-localization. Different from the traditional international commercial arbitration system, the theory of "non-localization" respects to a large extent the autonomy of the parties and the arbitral tribunal, breaks through the restriction of absolute application of the law of the place of arbitration, and weakens the judicial supervision of international commercial arbitration by the court. An award set aside shall have the right to decide whether or not to enforce it in accordance with the laws of that country. International commercial arbitration has formed a trend of "non-localization" on the whole. Although the trend is limited at present, it will not die out but has a brighter future. The first part of the article explains the emergence and causes of the trend of international commercial arbitration. Starting with three classic cases, this paper investigates the background of the emergence of the theory of "non-localization" of international commercial arbitration, probes into the concrete performance of the theory, and discusses the causes of the trend of "non-localization". For the detailed development of the theme of the article to play the role of argument. The second part explains the dilemma and outlet of international commercial arbitration. Scholars hold different opinions on whether to accept the theory of "non-localization" of international commercial arbitration. The theory of "non-localization" is controversial because there are some practical obstacles to the realization of the theory: the restriction of national judicial sovereignty, the limitation of the principle of party autonomy, In the whole process of arbitration, the international commercial arbitration relies on the court of the place of arbitration, plus the deficiency of non-local rules, which affects and hinders the progress of the trend of "non-localization" of international commercial arbitration. Although it meets with practical obstacles, the theory is not a dead end, but provides an opportunity for the development of "non-localization" to collide with ideas and perfect the theory. The theory has its own rationality, strong vitality, and meets the needs of the development of the times, and has a solid realistic foundation, so the way out of "non-localization" is free and beautiful. The third part of the article explains that "non-localization" of international commercial arbitration has been applied in practice, not only in theory, but also in practice. At the national level, it has been recognized by the legislation and practice of various countries, and at the international level, it has also been affirmed and supported by the UNCITRAL Model Law of various international treaties and the UNCITRAL Arbitration rules. Although the degree of "non-localization" is not consistent, the trend of "non-localization" of international commercial arbitration actually exists. The fourth part of the article expounds the author's suggestions on how to perfect the arbitration system under the trend of "non-localization". Through investigating the current arbitration system of our country, this paper analyzes the deficiency of our arbitration system from three aspects: procedure application, judicial supervision (emphasis on the right of rescission) and whether the revoked international commercial arbitration award is recognized and executed in our country. In order to make up for the deficiency and conform to the trend of "non-localization", our country should not only renew the traditional arbitration concept, but also revise and perfect the arbitration law and the arbitration rules of the institution based on the national conditions.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D997.4

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