WTO争端解决机制的发展与完善

发布时间：2018-07-05 02:42

本文选题：WTO + 争端解决机制　；参考：《华东政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：WTO争端解决机制是世界贸易组织制度中最核心、最重要的部分,是多边贸易体制的重要支柱。作为GATT争端解决机制的继承和发展,WTO争端解决机制从1995年诞生以来,在解决贸易争端方面发挥了显著的作用。截止到2011年3月,15年间,WTO已经受理423起诉讼,远远超过了GATT时代近半个世纪提起的案件总量。正如首任世界贸易组织总干事鲁杰罗所说,“WTO争端解决机制是WTO对全球经济稳定做出的最独特的贡献。” 但是,WTO争端解决机制并不是一个完美无缺的机制。随着经济全球化的全面发展,贸易摩擦日益增多,争端解决机制在实践操作中暴露出很多问题,在诸多方面存在着需要澄清和改革的地方,影响了争端解决机制的公正裁决。在2001年11月份启动的WTO多哈回合谈判中,改革WTO争端解决机制规则再次被列为重要的议题之一。世界各国都对争端解决机制的改革表示了关注。因此,研究WTO争端解决机制的产生和发展,发现其存在的问题并予以完善,使它继续在多边贸易体制中发挥积极的作用是很有必要的。本文除导言和结语外,共分五章,计两万五千余字。第一章WTO争端解决机制概述。首先介绍了WTO争端解决机制的内容。接下来介绍了WTO争端解决机制的程序,其中重点介绍了磋商程序、专家组程序、上诉机构程序、裁决执行程序以及斡旋、调解和调停程序。第二章WTO争端解决机制的产生与发展。首先介绍了WTO争端解决机制的前身——GATT争端解决机制,进而延续出WTO争端解决机制。WTO争端解决机制是对GATT争端解决机制的继承与发展。接下来,介绍了WTO争端解决机制从1995年诞生至今的发展情况。第三章WTO争端解决机制存在的问题。本部分采用时间顺序的写法,分章对争端解决机制各个程序及阶段存在的问题进行了分析。主要包括磋商程序的问题、专家组程序的问题、上诉机构程序的问题以及裁决执行程序的问题。并专门介绍了针对发展中国家成员方的程序和措施存在的问题。第四章WTO成员对争端解决机制提出的完善建议的内容。在本部分中,笔者按照时间顺序,总结概括了WTO网站公布的WTO成员对争端解决机制各个阶段的改革与澄清所提出的建议,对与第三章所提出的问题相对应的建议进行了整理和介绍。第五章WTO争端解决机制的完善。在本部分中,针对第三章所提出的争端解决机制存在的问题,笔者结合第四章WTO成员对争端解决机制提出的完善建议的内容,给出了完善WTO争端解决机制的意见和建议。最后,通过上述部分对WTO争端解决机制重要性的介绍,给予中国关于参加与完善WTO争端解决机制的建议,使中国在多边贸易体制中更加从容的面对日益增加的贸易摩擦,维护本国的经济利益。
[Abstract]:WTO dispute settlement mechanism is the core and most important part of WTO system and the important pillar of multilateral trading system. Inheritance and Development as GATT dispute settlement Mechanism WTO dispute settlement mechanism has played a significant role in the settlement of trade disputes since its birth in 1995. By March 2011, the WTO had accepted 423 lawsuits, which far exceeded the total number of cases filed in the GATT era for nearly half a century. As Ruggiero, the first WTO director-general, said, "the dispute settlement mechanism is the most unique contribution that the WTO has made to the stability of the global economy." But WTO dispute settlement mechanism is not a perfect mechanism. With the overall development of economic globalization and the increasing of trade friction, the dispute settlement mechanism has exposed a lot of problems in practice, and there are many areas that need to be clarified and reformed in many aspects, which have affected the fair ruling of dispute settlement mechanism. In the WTO Doha Round negotiations launched in November 2001, the reform of the rules of WTO dispute settlement mechanism was once again listed as one of the important issues. Countries all over the world have expressed concern about the reform of the dispute settlement mechanism. Therefore, it is necessary to study the emergence and development of WTO dispute settlement mechanism, to find out its existing problems and to perfect them so that it can continue to play an active role in the multilateral trading system. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this article is divided into five chapters, with more than 25000 words. Chapter one: summary of WTO dispute settlement mechanism. Firstly, it introduces the content of WTO dispute settlement mechanism. Then it introduces the procedure of WTO dispute settlement mechanism, which focuses on consultation procedure, panel procedure, appellate body procedure, enforcement procedure, mediation, conciliation and mediation procedure. Chapter two: the emergence and development of WTO dispute settlement mechanism. This paper first introduces the predecessor of WTO dispute settlement mechanism, GATT dispute settlement mechanism, and then extends the WTO dispute settlement mechanism .WTO dispute settlement mechanism is the inheritance and development of GATT dispute settlement mechanism. Then, it introduces the development of WTO dispute settlement mechanism from its birth in 1995. The third chapter is about the existing problems of WTO dispute settlement mechanism. This part uses the chronological method to analyze the problems in each procedure and stage of the dispute settlement mechanism. Mainly includes the consultation procedure, the panel procedure, the appellate body procedure and the decision enforcement procedure. The problems of procedures and measures for developing country members are also introduced. The fourth chapter is the content of the WTO member's suggestion to the dispute settlement mechanism. In this part, the author summarizes the suggestions made by the WTO members on the reform and clarification of the dispute settlement mechanism published on the WTO website according to the chronological order. The suggestions corresponding to the third chapter are summarized and introduced. The fifth chapter is the perfection of WTO dispute settlement mechanism. In this part, in view of the existing problems of the dispute settlement mechanism proposed in the third chapter, the author puts forward the opinions and suggestions on the perfection of the dispute settlement mechanism of the WTO in the light of the content of the suggestions made by the WTO members on the dispute settlement mechanism in the fourth chapter. Finally, through the introduction of the importance of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism, the paper gives China suggestions on participating in and perfecting the WTO dispute settlement mechanism, so that China can face the increasing trade friction more easily in the multilateral trading system. Safeguard the economic interests of our country.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D996.1

【引证文献】