补贴与反补贴措施之专向性标准研究

发布时间：2018-07-06 13:07

本文选题：补贴 + 专向性标准　；参考：《大连海事大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国际经济贸易的发展,各国政府更多地运用补贴这一经济政策手段。然而补贴具有双重性质,一方面,它是促进本国经济快速发展的政策性工具；另一方面,它又是一种非关税壁垒,阻碍国际贸易的发展。针对这一现实,WTO《补贴与反补贴措施协定》,(以下简称《SCM协定》)采用专向性标准来衡量是否应该对一项补贴采取反补贴措施。专向性标准是补贴与反补贴制度当中的重要概念。通过专向性标准对补贴进行筛选,一方面充分尊重了各国政府的经济自主权；另一方面,通过对投向特定企业或行业的补贴征收反补贴税,避免因不当补贴引起的资源配置扭曲。本文通过对《SCM协定》及美欧反补贴法中有关专向性标准问题的分析,提出了如何进一步完善我国补贴和反补贴制度的建议。除了引言和结语以外,全文共分为以下四章：第一章主要论述了补贴与反补贴专向性标准概述。主要介绍了补贴和反补贴制度,补贴的定义以及分类,阐述了反补贴制度的定义、产生的原因以及国际法渊源,为下文展开论述专向性标准打下基础。第二章主要论述了《SCM协定》中有关专向性标准的认定。首先介绍了《SCM协定》中认定专向性的四个原则。随后,结合美国和欧盟的具体案例阐述专向性标准中涉及的具体问题的认定。第三章主要论述了美国和欧盟反补贴国内立法中有关专向性标准的判断。通过美国对我国的出口产品发起的反补贴调查,具体说明美欧在实践中对专向性补贴的判断标准。并以此为依据,提出我国政府和企业在应对他国反补贴调查的对策。第四章中国补贴与反补贴制度中的专向性标准问题。结合前文对专向性标准的分析,阐述我国补贴政策的现状及存在的问题。在此基础上对我国补贴和反补贴立法的进一步完善提出建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of international economy and trade, the governments of various countries use more subsidies as economic policy instruments. On the one hand, it is a policy tool to promote the rapid development of domestic economy; on the other hand, it is a non-tariff barrier, hindering the development of international trade. In view of this reality, WTO Agreement on subsidies and countervailing measures (SCM Agreement) is adopted to measure whether a subsidy should be countervailing. Specificity standard is an important concept in subsidy and countervailing system. The screening of subsidies through specific criteria, on the one hand, fully respects the economic autonomy of governments, on the other hand, by imposing countervailing duties on subsidies directed to specific enterprises or industries, Avoid distorting the allocation of resources caused by improper subsidies. Based on the analysis of the specific standards in SCM Agreement and the countervailing laws of the United States and Europe, this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to further improve the subsidy and countervailing system in China. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the full text is divided into the following four chapters: the first chapter mainly discusses the subsidies and countervailing specific standards. This paper mainly introduces the subsidy and countervailing system, the definition and classification of subsidy, expounds the definition of countervailing system, the causes of its emergence and the origin of international law, which lays the foundation for the discussion of the specific standard below. The second chapter mainly discusses the determination of specific standards in SCM Agreement. Firstly, four principles of specificity in SCM Agreement are introduced. Then, combined with the specific cases of the United States and the European Union, the specific issues involved in the specific criteria are discussed. The third chapter mainly discusses the judgment of specific standards in anti-subsidy domestic legislation of the United States and the European Union. Through the countervailing investigation of China's export products initiated by the United States, this paper concretely explains the judge standard of the specific subsidy in practice by the United States and Europe. On the basis of this, the author puts forward the countermeasures of our government and enterprises to deal with countervailing investigation in other countries. The fourth chapter deals with the specific standard of subsidy and countervailing system in China. Based on the analysis of the specific standards, the present situation and existing problems of China's subsidy policy are expounded. On this basis, the further improvement of China's subsidy and countervailing legislation is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.1

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