我国渔民在南海海域捕捞权保护问题研究

发布时间：2018-08-05 20:43

【摘要】：在现代国际海洋法制度下,一国渔民在海洋,特别是一些敏感海域进行日常捕捞作业不再单纯只是渔民个人的行为,而是被赋予了宣示一国海洋主权和管辖权的政治色彩。世界各沿海国家都把海洋生物资源看作是一种重要的战略资源,竞相争夺。面对愈演愈烈的南海侵渔事件,我国不仅应当重视对本国渔民个人捕捞权的保护,更应该将其视为国家海洋权利的一项重要内容,并放置于国际关系中加以争取与维护。本文主要采取比较分析,查阅文献资料的研究方法,较全面地分析我国渔民在南海海域捕捞权保护问题,文章总共分为五个部分。文章的引言部分,主要是对文章写作背景和意义的介绍。由于渔民捕捞行为在国际海洋法制度下的特殊性,面对近年来在南海海域我国渔民不断受到周边国家袭扰事件,而国内外对于渔民捕捞权保护制度缺失的现状,因此,对渔民捕捞权保护问题的研究具有一定的现实意义和必要性。第一章是关于在南海海域我国渔民捕捞权基本概况的介绍。通过对当前不同国家涉及捕捞权的相关立法比较分析,从而明确我国南海渔民享有捕捞权的内涵和性质。进而对我国渔民享有捕捞权的海洋法基础、受侵根源及受侵现状进行一定分析,得出对我国渔民捕捞权的保护具有现实性意义和必要性。第二章是对当前国际社会各国有关解决渔业纠纷实践进行简要的回顾分析,为保护我国渔民在南海海域捕捞权,解决我国与南海各周边国家愈演愈烈的渔业纠纷寻求可供借鉴的成功经验。第三章是在借鉴他国解决渔业纠纷的成功实践经验的基础上,结合南海渔业纠纷自身存在的特点,对我国南海渔民捕捞权的保护不仅需要国家行为做出保障,也需要渔民群体自身的完善和发展,提高自我竞争力。此外,在作为渔业纠纷根源的南海海洋划界争议最终达成一致前,可以先行开展南海渔业合作的过渡性渔业安排,并提出了具体的合作方案。文章的最后,再次强调了南海周边各国对我国渔民的侵渔行为,其实质是企图通过扩张本国的渔业管辖权而达到侵犯我国海洋主权,扩大其本国海洋管辖权的目的。总结文章针对我国渔民南海捕捞权保护问题所提出的建议具有一定的可性性和现实意义。但在实际操作过程中,仍须考虑各种不确定因素,进一步斟酌完善。
[Abstract]:Under the modern international law of the sea system, the daily fishing operations of fishermen in the sea, especially in some sensitive sea areas, are no longer merely an individual act of fishermen, but are endowed with the political color of declaring a country's maritime sovereignty and jurisdiction. The coastal countries all over the world regard marine living resources as a kind of important strategic resources, competing for each other. In the face of the increasingly serious case of fishing invasion in the South China Sea, China should not only attach importance to the protection of individual fishing rights of its own fishermen, but also regard it as an important part of the national marine rights, and place it in international relations to strive for and maintain it. This article mainly adopts the comparative analysis, the reference literature research method, comparatively comprehensively analyzes our country fishermen in the South China Sea sea area fishing right protection question, the article altogether divides into five parts. The introduction of the article mainly introduces the background and significance of the writing. Due to the particularity of fishermen 'fishing behavior under the international law of the sea system, in recent years, Chinese fishermen in the South China Sea have been harassed by the surrounding countries, and the status quo of fishermen' fishing right protection system at home and abroad is lacking. It is of practical significance and necessity to study the protection of fishermen's fishing rights. The first chapter is about the fishing rights of fishermen in the South China Sea. Through the comparative analysis of the relevant legislation concerning fishing rights in different countries at present, the connotation and nature of fishing rights enjoyed by fishermen in the South China Sea are clarified. Then it analyzes the basis of the law of the sea, the root cause and the current situation of fishing rights of fishermen in China, and draws the conclusion that the protection of fishing rights of fishermen in China is of realistic significance and necessity. The second chapter is a brief review and analysis of the practice of solving fishing disputes in various countries of the international community, in order to protect the fishing rights of Chinese fishermen in the South China Sea. To solve the fishery disputes between China and the neighboring countries in the South China Sea, we can find some successful experiences for reference. The third chapter is based on the successful practical experience of solving fishery disputes in other countries, combined with the characteristics of fishery disputes in the South China Sea, the protection of fishing rights of fishermen in South China Sea not only needs to be protected by state behavior. Also needs the fisherman group own consummation and the development, enhances self-competition ability. In addition, before the final agreement is reached on the maritime delimitation dispute in the South China Sea, which is the root of fishery disputes, the transitional fisheries arrangement for fishery cooperation in the South China Sea can be carried out first, and the concrete cooperation scheme is put forward. At the end of the paper, it is emphasized once again that the fishing behavior of the surrounding countries in the South China Sea against Chinese fishermen is in essence an attempt to invade China's maritime sovereignty and expand its own maritime jurisdiction by expanding its own fishery jurisdiction. It is of great significance to summarize the suggestions made in this paper for the protection of fishing rights in the South China Sea. However, all kinds of uncertain factors should be considered in practice.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D993.5

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