未竟的争鸣:被撤销的国际商事仲裁裁决的承认与执行

发布时间：2018-08-24 17:31

【摘要】：在晚近三十年的国际商事仲裁实践中,被仲裁地撤销的仲裁裁决在他国获得承认与执行的案例屡次出现。以Hilmarton案、Putrabali案等为代表,法国法院的实践最具代表性。这种司法态度持续地引起了人们的争议。争议的焦点在于,承认与执行被撤销的裁决的自由裁量权是否存在?对此,从裁决撤销制度的意义以及《纽约公约》相关条款的解读出发,可得出截然相反的结论。结合《纽约公约》的立法宗旨以及当代国际仲裁的现状与发展趋势,对于这一问题,宜采取积极的现实主义态度:回答应为肯定,操作则当谨慎。目前中国法院尚未面临相关类似案件。中国加入《纽约公约》时即已表明,被执行人证明裁决存在已被仲裁地撤销的情形时,人民法院应当裁定驳回申请,拒绝承认及执行。中国未来有必要明确:仲裁地法院根据《联合国国际贸易法委员会国际商事仲裁示范法》所确立的国际通行标准撤销的仲裁裁决,中国法院才应当拒绝承认及执行,否则,中国法院将保留承认与执行被撤销的仲裁裁决的自由裁量权。
[Abstract]:In the practice of international commercial arbitration in the last thirty years, there are many cases in which the arbitral award revoked by the place of arbitration has been recognized and enforced in other countries. Taking Hilmarton case and Putrabali case as representatives, the practice of French courts is the most representative. This judicial attitude continues to cause controversy. The focus of the dispute is whether there is discretion to recognize and enforce an award set aside? From the meaning of the annulment system and the interpretation of the relevant articles of the New York Convention, the opposite conclusion can be drawn. Combined with the legislative purpose of the New York Convention and the current situation and development trend of contemporary international arbitration, we should take a positive realistic attitude towards this question: the answer should be yes, and the operation should be cautious. Chinese courts have yet to face similar cases. China's accession to the New York Convention shows that when the executor proves that the award has been annulled by the place of arbitration, the people's court shall rule to reject the application and refuse to recognize and enforce it. It is necessary for China to make it clear in the future that an arbitral award set aside by the court of the place of arbitration in accordance with the prevailing international standards established by the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration shall only be recognized and enforced by the Chinese court. Chinese courts will reserve discretion to recognize and enforce annulled arbitral awards.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院法学研究所;
【分类号】：D997.4

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