论《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》中卖方知识产权担保义务

发布时间：2018-10-18 09:23

【摘要】：在日益频繁的国际贸易往来中，卖方对货物进行权利担保是非常重要的一项制度。权利担保制度，是指卖方应保证对其出售的货物享有合法的权利。换言之，它要求卖方保证所交付的货物没有“法律上的瑕疵”或“法律上的障碍”，不受任何第三方的干扰。权利担保义务的内容在1980年《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》（以下简称公约）中主要体现在两个方面：一是物权担保义务，二是知识产权的担保义务。本文仅针对后者进行研究，其主要规定体现在公约第42条，即卖方知识产权担保义务条款。卖方知识产权担保义务是指卖方保证所交付的货物不存在任何第三方的知识产权，并且任何第三方也不会就该货物向买方主张任何知识产权。这种权利担保是随着社会发展而出现的新情形，在国际货物买卖中的情况更为复杂。主要由于知识产权其“无形性”、“地域性”等区别于传统物权、债权领域的特殊性，使得知识产权的保护、知识产权侵权认定及知识产权贸易比有形财产在相同情况下复杂得多。设立卖方知识产权担保义务制度，对于维护现代交易的安全，，保障合同双方当事人的合法权益，减少不必要的损失显得十分有必要，研究卖方知识产权担保义务制度对于促进我国的相关立法和减少国际贸易实务中的法律摩擦同样具有十分重要的意义。作者撰写此文，分为四个章节：第一章总体介绍公约第42条的立法背景。介绍两大法系对知识产权担保义务，然后以此为基础分析了公约第42条的立法史。第二章对公约中卖方知识产权担保义务的积极方面进行了系统解读。分为四部分：第一部分讨论卖方知识产权担保义务的范围，第二部分分析卖方知识产权担保义务发生的时间，第三部分对“第三方”的权利介入进行分类分析，第四部分解析卖方违反知识产权担义务时买方行使权利的条件与途径。第三章分析了公约中卖方知识产权担保义务的消极方面。有两方面的内容：地域标准限制和主观因素限制。第四章讨论公约中卖方知识产权担保义务规定对我国相关立法的借鉴。
[Abstract]:In the increasingly frequent international trade, the seller to guarantee the goods is a very important system. The right guarantee system means that the seller shall guarantee the lawful rights to the goods sold by him. In other words, it requires the seller to guarantee that the goods delivered are free of "legal defects" or "legal obstacles" and free from interference by any third party. The content of the right to guarantee obligation is mainly reflected in two aspects in the 1980 United Nations Convention on contracts for the International Sale of goods (hereinafter referred to as the Convention): one is the obligation of security interests, the other is the obligation of security of intellectual property. This paper only focuses on the latter, the main provisions of which are embodied in article 42 of the Convention, namely the seller's intellectual property rights guarantee obligation clause. The seller's obligation to guarantee intellectual property rights means that the seller guarantees that the goods delivered do not have the intellectual property of any third party and that any third party will not claim any intellectual property right against the buyer in respect of the goods. This kind of right guarantee is the new situation which appears along with the social development, in the international goods sale situation is more complicated. Mainly because intellectual property rights are "invisible", "regional" and so on, they are different from traditional property rights and the particularity of the field of creditor's rights, which makes the protection of intellectual property rights. Intellectual property infringement and intellectual property trading are much more complex than tangible property in the same circumstances. The establishment of the seller's intellectual property rights guarantee obligation system is necessary for safeguarding the security of modern transactions, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of both parties to the contract, and reducing unnecessary losses. It is also of great significance to study the system of seller's intellectual property rights guarantee obligation to promote the relevant legislation of our country and to reduce the legal friction in international trade practice. This article is composed of four chapters: the first chapter introduces the legislative background of article 42 of the Convention. This paper introduces the obligations of intellectual property security in two legal systems, and then analyzes the legislative history of Article 42 of the Convention. The second chapter systematically interprets the positive aspects of seller's intellectual property rights obligation in the Convention. It is divided into four parts: the first part discusses the scope of the seller's intellectual property rights guarantee obligation, the second part analyzes the time when the seller's intellectual property security obligation occurs, the third part classifies the right intervention of "third party". The fourth part analyzes the conditions and ways for the buyer to exercise his rights when the seller violates the obligations of intellectual property rights. The third chapter analyzes the negative aspects of the seller's intellectual property rights obligation. There are two aspects of the content: regional standards and subjective constraints. The fourth chapter discusses the provisions of the seller's intellectual property rights obligations for reference to China's relevant legislation.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D997.1

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