我国二战前流失海外博物馆文物回归的国际法探析
发布时间：2019-01-05 08:31
【摘要】：流失文物的回归是国际社会一直关注的文化遗产保护的特殊问题。但博物馆的"公共性"让馆内文物的回归比民间文物回归更困难;加之文物流失在二战前(早于现有生效文物返还国际公约),使得解决二战前流失于海外博物馆内文物的回归问题成为法学界最为棘手的法律问题。此外,近些年西方博物馆联盟提出"环球博物馆"概念和文物属于"人类共同遗产"的论调,企图模糊二战前流失文物的所有权问题,阻碍二战前流失文物原属国对此类流失文物的索讨。应以文化主权和文化权利作为该类文物回归的国际法理论依据处理文物回归问题,这种理论也逐步被国际组织和各国认可。
[Abstract]:The return of lost cultural relics is a special problem of cultural heritage protection that the international community has been paying close attention to. But the "publicity" of the museum makes it more difficult to return the cultural relics in the museum than the folk relics. In addition, the loss of cultural relics before World War II (earlier than the existing international convention on the return of cultural relics) makes the return of cultural relics lost in overseas museums before World War II the most thorny legal problem in the field of law. In addition, in recent years, the Western Union of Museums has proposed the concept of "Universal Museum" and that cultural relics belong to the "common heritage of mankind", in an attempt to obscure the ownership of cultural relics lost before the second World War. Prevent the loss of cultural relics before World War II, the original state of such lost cultural relics claim. Cultural sovereignty and cultural rights should be taken as the theoretical basis of international law to deal with the return of cultural relics, which is gradually recognized by international organizations and countries.
【作者单位】： 西安交通大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(13CFX094)
【分类号】：D996
[Abstract]:The return of lost cultural relics is a special problem of cultural heritage protection that the international community has been paying close attention to. But the "publicity" of the museum makes it more difficult to return the cultural relics in the museum than the folk relics. In addition, the loss of cultural relics before World War II (earlier than the existing international convention on the return of cultural relics) makes the return of cultural relics lost in overseas museums before World War II the most thorny legal problem in the field of law. In addition, in recent years, the Western Union of Museums has proposed the concept of "Universal Museum" and that cultural relics belong to the "common heritage of mankind", in an attempt to obscure the ownership of cultural relics lost before the second World War. Prevent the loss of cultural relics before World War II, the original state of such lost cultural relics claim. Cultural sovereignty and cultural rights should be taken as the theoretical basis of international law to deal with the return of cultural relics, which is gradually recognized by international organizations and countries.
【作者单位】： 西安交通大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(13CFX094)
【分类号】：D996
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