论我国应对碳关税的经济法对策

发布时间：2019-02-12 08:19

【摘要】：当应对气候变化成为国际社会关注焦点的时候,美国“碳关税”的提出引发争议,挑起了应对气候变化大旗下的全球环境治理与贸易保护的纠纷，其实质是一种新型贸易壁垒。中国是世界上排名第一的出口大国,目前已经面临市场经济地位、特保条款和频繁双反的多重贸易摩擦,碳关税的出台将使中国面临的贸易摩擦形势更加严峻,严重挫伤中国的出口和对发达国家的投资,也将一定程度上影响世界贸易的发展。本文首先对碳关税的内涵进行了界定，客观分析了美国碳关税提出的背景、特征、意图与实质。基于国际经济法的基本原则深入分析了碳关税，就现行WTO规则对碳关税的违规性和合法性提出依据，预见在一定程度上世界贸易规则在此基础上可能发生的变化。阐述了碳关税对全球贸易及对我国可能造成的影响。在结合中国现实深入剖析后，提出我国的主要应对措施即国内建立健全碳税制度和启动碳交易市场和碳排放权交易，，并结合我国现行法律有力有理地提出了这两项制度的可行性和制度拟定，建立适应我国国情的支持低碳经济发展的市场体系和政策体系。积极利用WTO现有法律机制，参与国际气候变化规则和“碳关税”征收规则的制订，大力培育新能源产业，发展服务业以加快产业转型升级，从整合供应链入手降低经营成本，发展低碳产业，以应对发达国家“碳关税”的影响，适应低碳经济的大潮流。
[Abstract]:When dealing with climate change has become the focus of international attention, the proposed "carbon tariff" of the United States has aroused controversy and provoked the dispute between global environmental governance and trade protection under the banner of climate change, which in essence is a new type of trade barrier. China is the largest export country in the world. At present, it is faced with market economy status, special safeguard clauses and frequent double opposition multiple trade frictions. The introduction of carbon tariffs will make the situation of trade frictions facing China more severe. China's exports and investment in developed countries will be severely hampered, and the development of world trade will be affected to a certain extent. In this paper, the connotation of carbon tariff is defined, and the background, characteristics, intention and essence of American carbon tariff are analyzed objectively. Based on the basic principles of international economic law, this paper analyzes the carbon tariff in depth, and puts forward the basis for the violation and legality of the current WTO rules on carbon tariffs, and foresees the possible changes of the world trade rules on this basis to a certain extent. The influence of carbon tariff on global trade and on our country is expounded. After deeply analyzing the reality of China, the paper puts forward the main countermeasures of our country, that is, to establish and perfect the carbon tax system, to start the carbon trading market and to trade carbon emission rights in China. Combining with the current law of our country, the feasibility and the formulation of the two systems are put forward, and the market system and policy system which can support the development of low-carbon economy are set up according to the national conditions of our country. We should actively utilize the existing legal mechanism of WTO, participate in the formulation of international climate change rules and "carbon tariff" collection rules, vigorously cultivate new energy industries, develop service industries in order to speed up the industrial transformation and upgrade, and start with the integration of supply chains to reduce operating costs. Develop low-carbon industry to deal with the impact of carbon tariffs in developed countries and adapt to the trend of low-carbon economy.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.29;D996

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