论经济、社会和文化权利领域的国际援助与合作
发布时间：2019-05-09 06:41
【摘要】：1966年《经济、社会和文化权利国际公约》以法律的形式确立了经济、社会和文化权利的地位,并明确了国际援助与合作对经济、社会和文化权利实现的重要意义。迄今为止,国际社会在这一领域开展了丰富的实践。但长期以来,国际援助与合作的实践效果并不十分理想。究其原因有多方面,包括援助方各自不同的政策目标,受援方不完备的政治经济体制,有效监督评估机制的缺乏,以及援助与合作成本过高和资源不合理分配等。 2005年《关于援助有效性的巴黎宣言》、2008年《阿克拉行动议程》都提出了增强援助有效性的要求。克服国际援助与合作面临的种种困境,提高援助与合作效果,需要国际社会以先进的“人权本位方针”为核心,坚持“人权本位方针”的政策目标和行动指导；注重援助与合作资源的合理分配；因地制宜地采用适宜受援国的最佳运行管理模式；加强对援助与合作的监督和评估等。 我国在过去的60年中,对外援助与合作实践很丰富,也取得了显著的成就,但仍存在着一些不足,应从理论研究、法律规范、管理监督和国际合作等方面加以改进。
[Abstract]:The 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights establishes the status of economic, social and cultural rights in the form of law, and clarifies the significance of international assistance and cooperation for the realization of economic, social and cultural rights. So far, the international community has carried out a wealth of practice in this field. However, for a long time, the practical effect of international assistance and cooperation is not very ideal. There are many reasons, including the different policy objectives of the donors, the incomplete political and economic system of the recipients, the lack of effective supervision and evaluation mechanism, the high cost of assistance and cooperation and the unreasonable allocation of resources, and so on. The 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid effectiveness and the Accra agenda for Action 2008 all call for enhanced aid effectiveness. To overcome the difficulties faced by international assistance and cooperation and to improve the effect of assistance and cooperation, it is necessary for the international community to adhere to the policy objectives and operational guidance of the "human rights-based approach" with the advanced "human rights-based approach" as the core; Attention should be paid to the rational allocation of resources for aid and cooperation; the best operational management model suitable for recipient countries should be adapted to local conditions; and the monitoring and evaluation of aid and cooperation should be strengthened. In the past 60 years, China has made great achievements in the practice of foreign assistance and cooperation, but there are still some shortcomings, which should be improved from the aspects of theoretical research, legal norms, management supervision and international cooperation.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D998.2
本文编号：2472557
[Abstract]:The 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights establishes the status of economic, social and cultural rights in the form of law, and clarifies the significance of international assistance and cooperation for the realization of economic, social and cultural rights. So far, the international community has carried out a wealth of practice in this field. However, for a long time, the practical effect of international assistance and cooperation is not very ideal. There are many reasons, including the different policy objectives of the donors, the incomplete political and economic system of the recipients, the lack of effective supervision and evaluation mechanism, the high cost of assistance and cooperation and the unreasonable allocation of resources, and so on. The 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid effectiveness and the Accra agenda for Action 2008 all call for enhanced aid effectiveness. To overcome the difficulties faced by international assistance and cooperation and to improve the effect of assistance and cooperation, it is necessary for the international community to adhere to the policy objectives and operational guidance of the "human rights-based approach" with the advanced "human rights-based approach" as the core; Attention should be paid to the rational allocation of resources for aid and cooperation; the best operational management model suitable for recipient countries should be adapted to local conditions; and the monitoring and evaluation of aid and cooperation should be strengthened. In the past 60 years, China has made great achievements in the practice of foreign assistance and cooperation, but there are still some shortcomings, which should be improved from the aspects of theoretical research, legal norms, management supervision and international cooperation.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D998.2
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