论水资源“生态红线”的国家环境义务及制度因应——以水质目标“反退化”为视角

发布时间：2018-01-23 20:06

  本文关键词： 水生态红线 禁止生态倒退 国家环境义务 水质目标 反退化 生态之治　出处：《浙江社会科学》2015年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：鉴于我国大部分流域水质改善但出现生物多样性锐减等生态整体倒退的"悖论",水资源"生态红线"亟需从"软法性政策红线"向"硬法性法律红线"转型,构建以生态功能红线、环境质量红线和资源利用红线为核心的"水生态红线体系"。可以提炼出禁止生态倒退原则并上升为环境法基本原则,《环境保护法》应发挥禁止生态倒退法、生态修复法等面向的规范功能。国家环境义务是公民环境权益研究和实践的一次重大方法论转换,国家应完善禁止水质退化的制度因应,系统推进水污染防治、水生态保护和水资源管理,实现以水质达标和改善为核心的综合"水生态安全格局"。
[Abstract]:In view of the "paradox" that the water quality of most watersheds in China is improved but the ecological whole retrogression such as the sharp reduction of biodiversity, the "ecological red line" of water resources needs to be transformed from "soft policy red line" to "hard law red line". To construct the "water ecological red line system" with the red line of ecological function, the red line of environmental quality and the red line of utilization of resources as the core, the principle of prohibiting ecological retrogression can be refined and raised to the basic principle of environmental law. The "Environmental Protection Law" should play the normative function of prohibiting ecological retrogression law and ecological restoration law, etc. The national environmental obligation is a major methodological change in the research and practice of citizens' environmental rights and interests. The state should perfect the system of prohibiting water quality degradation, systematically promote water pollution prevention and control, water ecological protection and water resources management, and realize a comprehensive "water ecological security pattern" with water quality standard and improvement as the core.
【作者单位】： 浙江农林大学法政学院;浙江省环境资源法学研究会;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目(14ZDA071) 浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目(14NDJC208YB) 浙江省教育厅项目(Y201431828)之阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D922.68
【正文快照】： 授,环境法学科负责人,浙江省环境资源法学研究会会长。(杭州临安311300)《国家环境保护“十二五”规划》(国发〔2011〕42号)指出:“当前我国环境状况总体恶化的趋势尚未得到根本遏制,环境矛盾凸显,压力继续加大。一些重点流域、海域水污染严重,部分区域和城市大气灰霾现象突出，

本文编号：1458128