室内环境污染的侵权责任承担

发布时间：2018-02-09 02:17

本文关键词： 室内环境污染环境侵权举证责任倒置无过错责任精神损害赔偿环境侵权责任　出处：《华中科技大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国《环境保护法》对各种环境纠纷问题做出了相关的规定,这些规定大部分是建立在全球性的、大面积的环境污染或生态破坏基础上的,通常是指室外环境的污染。随着社会的发展,环境污染也在发生转变,室内环境污染的程度已经逐渐超过室外,污染源头越来越趋向于多样化。装修材料及家具家电存在的缺陷是造成室内环境污染的罪魁祸首,也是导致人们产生疾病的主要源头。室内环境污染作为一种特殊的环境污染,不仅侵害到了人们的人身权、财产权,而且侵害到了室内环境权。在立法上,我国对室内环境污染的相关规定较为概括,甚至没有一部只针对室内环境污染的法律,从而致使很多室内环境污染的受害者的相关权益得不到应有的保护。本文针对这些问题,力图用侵权法上的原理对室内环境污染导致的损害构建一个合理的救济框架,通过对侵权的构成要件进行剖析,本人认为利用环境侵权对室内环境污染的救济更为有利,其在精神损害赔偿、举证责任、归责原则、诉讼时效等方面的规定对受害方更为有利。本文主要针对以上问题进行研究,并提出自己的建议。本文的基本内容可概括如下: 第一部分是对室内环境污染的概述。通过对我国《环境保护法》中“环境”这一定义进行阐述分析,认为室内环境符合我国法律上对“环境”的界定,应该属于我国《环境保护法》所保护和调整的环境范围。室内环境污染是一种特殊的环境污染,有必要作为一个单独的部分加以针对性的保护,最后通过对我国室内环境污染的法律规定和司法实践进行分析,本人认为当前立法对室内环境污染的规定、司法实践中对室内环境污染行为做出的应对,都还存在着很多问题,值得我们进一步研究和分析。第二部分对室内环境污染构成的两种主要的侵权责任理论依据分别进行了阐述。第三部分对室内环境污染构成产品质量侵权责任和环境侵权责任的构成要件分别进行阐述,分析这两种侵权责任对室内环境污染保护的侧重点及二者的利弊,认为室内环境污染适用环境侵权责任具有一定的现实意义。第四部分主要论述了室内环境污染构成侵权的损害赔偿责任,从归责原则、举证责任、损害赔偿范围、精神损害赔偿等几方面进行详细阐述。
[Abstract]:The Environmental Protection Law of China has made relevant provisions on various environmental disputes, most of which are based on global and large-scale environmental pollution or ecological destruction. Usually refers to outdoor environmental pollution. With the development of society, environmental pollution is also changing, indoor environmental pollution has gradually exceeded the degree of outdoor pollution. The sources of pollution tend to be more and more diversified. The defects of decoration materials and furniture and household appliances are the chief culprit of indoor environmental pollution, and also the main source of diseases. As a special environmental pollution, indoor environmental pollution is a special kind of environmental pollution. It not only infringes on people's personal rights and property rights, but also infringes on the rights of indoor environment. In legislation, the relevant regulations on indoor environmental pollution in our country are relatively general, and there is not even a law that only aims at indoor environmental pollution. As a result, many victims of indoor environmental pollution can not get due protection of their rights and interests. In view of these problems, this paper tries to build a reasonable relief framework for the damage caused by indoor environmental pollution by using the principles of tort law. By analyzing the constitutive elements of tort, I think that it is more advantageous to use environmental tort to remedy indoor environmental pollution, which is based on the principle of compensation for mental damage, burden of proof and imputation. The provisions of statute of limitations are more favorable to the injured party. This paper mainly studies the above problems and puts forward some suggestions. The basic content of this article can be summarized as follows:. The first part is an overview of indoor environmental pollution. Through the analysis of the definition of "environment" in the Environmental Protection Law of our country, the author thinks that the indoor environment accords with the definition of "environment" in the law of our country. Indoor environmental pollution is a special kind of environmental pollution. It is necessary to protect it as a separate part. Finally, by analyzing the legal provisions and judicial practice of indoor environmental pollution in our country, I believe that there are still many problems in the current legislation on indoor environmental pollution, and in the response to indoor environmental pollution in judicial practice. It is worth our further study and analysis. In the second part, the two main theoretical bases of tort liability constituted by indoor environmental pollution are expounded respectively. The third part of the indoor environmental pollution constitute the product quality tort liability and environmental tort liability components of the elements, analysis of these two tort liability for indoor environmental pollution protection, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two. It is considered that the liability for environmental tort is applicable to indoor environmental pollution. The 4th part mainly discusses the damage compensation liability of the indoor environmental pollution, including the principle of imputation, the burden of proof, the scope of compensation for damages, the compensation for mental damage, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.68

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