煤层气资源开发利用法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 20:50

本文选题：煤层气　切入点：法律问题　出处：《山西财经大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 长期以来煤炭在中国能源消费结构中占主导地位,是我国经济发展和国家繁荣的根本保障,而与煤炭资源伴生的煤层气资源的勘探开发在上个世纪90年代才全面展开。据统计我国煤层气资源储量丰富,总量达36.8万亿立方米,居世界第三位,相当于近500亿吨煤当量,350亿吨油当量,与中国陆上已发现的天然气资源相当。在当今中国煤炭资源严重紧缺的形势下,煤层气作为一种新型能源,其有效开发和利用就显得更具战略意义:首先它可作为替代煤炭使用的重要的清洁能源;再者它的有效利用可以大为降低甲烷的空排导致的温室效应并大大降低煤矿瓦斯事故。目前我国对于煤层气的开采利用尚处于无序状态,目前正在进行的煤层气开发受到了煤层气开采权属之争的阻碍,急需相关制度和法律来规范各主体之间的矛盾冲突。而现有的关于煤层气的行业法规不乏盲点和监管的空白,主要表现在:在开发利用煤炭与煤层气的过程中,没有一套完整的合乎逻辑顺序的制度来规范二者的开采,出现了煤炭、煤层气两权分置的现象,导致煤炭企业与煤层气企业发生冲突,既影响了经济的发展又加剧了行业之间的矛盾。研究和制定煤层气法律,可以把煤层气的开发利用纳入法制轨道,有利于实现对煤层气的有效开发和对环境的保护。我国在煤层气开发利用方面已经出台了一些相关的法律法规,这为我国煤层气方面的进一步立法提供了基础。我国的煤层气法律,应当建立在可持续发展和节能减排理论的基础之上,从我国国情出发,借鉴发达国家的成熟经验,合理分配开发、利用等相关主体的责任,使各个职能主体各司其责、协同合作,减少私采滥挖对环境造成的危害和对资源的浪费。而这项工作的关键是构建一系列具有可操作性的具体制度,本文在煤层气开发利用原有法律的基础上提出了确立煤层气开发利用主体多元化制度、采煤采气一体化制度、优先权制度、强化政府监管及开发利用主体的法律责任、重塑煤层气开发利用过程中的政府地位、煤层气立法过程引入环境影响评价机制及政策措施法律化等一系列观点。通过构建并完善煤层气开发利用法律来解决该领域及相关领域中存在的现实问题,促进煤层气产业发展壮大,大大降低煤炭瓦斯事故并进而缓解我国的能源与环境危机。
[Abstract]:For a long time, coal has played a leading role in China's energy consumption structure, which is the fundamental guarantee for China's economic development and national prosperity. The exploration and development of coal bed methane associated with coal resources was carried out in -10s. According to statistics, China has abundant reserves of coal bed methane, with a total amount of 36.8 trillion cubic meters, ranking third in the world. It is equivalent to nearly 50 billion tons of coal equivalent and 35 billion tons of oil equivalent, which is equivalent to the natural gas resources already discovered on land in China. In the current situation of severe shortage of coal resources in China, coalbed methane is a new type of energy. Its effective development and utilization is of more strategic significance: first, it can be used as an important clean energy alternative to coal use; moreover, its effective utilization can greatly reduce the Greenhouse Effect caused by methane air emissions and greatly reduce coal mine gas accidents. At present, the exploitation and utilization of coalbed methane in our country is still in a state of disorder, and the current development of coalbed methane is hindered by the dispute over the ownership of coal-bed methane mining. There is an urgent need for relevant systems and laws to regulate the contradictions and conflicts between the various subjects. However, the existing industry laws and regulations on coalbed methane have blind spots and gaps in supervision, which are mainly manifested in: in the process of developing and utilizing coal and coalbed methane, Without a complete system of logical sequence to standardize the exploitation of the two, the phenomenon of coal and coalbed methane being separated has occurred, resulting in the conflict between coal enterprises and coal-bed methane enterprises. The study and formulation of the law of CBM can bring the exploitation and utilization of CBM into the legal orbit, which is conducive to the effective exploitation of CBM and the protection of the environment. China has issued some relevant laws and regulations in the development and utilization of CBM, which provides the basis for further legislation on CBM in China. It should be based on the theory of sustainable development and energy saving and emission reduction, proceed from the national conditions of our country, draw lessons from the mature experience of developed countries, rationally distribute the responsibilities of relevant subjects, such as development and utilization, so that each functional subject has its own responsibilities. To work together to reduce the harm to the environment and the waste of resources caused by illegal mining, and the key to this work is to build a series of operable and specific systems, On the basis of the existing laws on the exploitation and utilization of CBM, this paper puts forward the legal responsibility of establishing the pluralistic system of the subject of exploitation and utilization of CBM, the system of integration of coal mining and gas production, the system of priority, and the strengthening of government supervision and the subject of exploitation and utilization. Reshaping the role of government in the development and utilization of coalbed methane, The legislative process of CBM introduces a series of viewpoints, such as environmental impact assessment mechanism and the legalization of policy measures. By constructing and perfecting the law of exploitation and utilization of CBM, the practical problems in this field and related fields are solved. Promote the development of CBM industry, greatly reduce coal gas accidents and then alleviate the energy and environmental crisis in China.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：F426.21;D922.292;D922.6

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