国际法与比较法视野中的水权研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 22:20

本文选题：水权 + 人权法　；参考：《长江流域资源与环境》2010年03期

【摘要】：水权是一项基本人权。目前,许多国际公约、地区性人权公约已开始确认水权。许多国家将水权作为一项基本人权提升到宪法中加以确认。在欧洲国家中,如比利时、西班牙、法国、卢森堡、挪威、罗马尼亚、瑞士等,欧洲以外的国家包括南非、摩洛哥、尼日尔、新西兰、乌拉圭等。国际法、人权法和各国宪法承认水权已经成为一种趋势。然而,水权隐含着对公共权力的限制,一些国家并不希望支持这项权利。我国宪法并不承认水权是一项基本人权,而财产法意义上的水使用权显然与国际公约、地方性条约与各国宪法中所普遍承认的作为人权的水权概念是完全不同的。2008年新修改的《水污染防治法》主要是命令式的管理制度安排,对有关公民权利的内容仍然是倾向于义务性的。
[Abstract]:The right to water is a basic human right.At present, many international conventions, regional human rights conventions have begun to recognize the right to water.Many countries recognize the right to water as a fundamental human right in their constitutions.Among European countries, such as Belgium, Spain, France, Luxembourg, Norway, Romania, Switzerland and so on, countries outside Europe include South Africa, Morocco, Niger, New Zealand, Uruguay and so on.International law, human rights law and national constitutions recognize the right to water has become a trend.However, the right to water implies restrictions on public power, and some countries do not want to support it.Our Constitution does not recognize the right to water as a fundamental human right, and the right to use water in the sense of property law is clearly in line with international conventions.Local treaties are completely different from the concept of water rights as human rights universally recognized in national constitutions.The newly amended Water pollution Control Act of 2008 is mainly a mandatory regulatory arrangement.There is still a tendency to be compulsory with regard to the content of civil rights.
【作者单位】：上海社会科学院法学研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金2008年度青年项目《环境知情权保护研究》(08CFX048) 教育部人文社科规划基金项目《环境知情权保护立法研究》(07JA820043)
【分类号】：D996.9;D922.66

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