我国非政府组织参与环境保护的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 23:27

本文选题：非政府组织 + 环境保护　；参考：《山东科技大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着中国经济的高速发展,政策氛围的日渐宽松以及公民意识的不断觉醒,上世纪90年代中后期,中国非政府组织开始崛起并发展,它们在不同领域,尤其是环境保护领域发挥着越来越重要的作用。“政府失灵”、“市场失灵”理论的提出,“公众参与”理论的兴起与发展,以及我国相关执政理念的出台,为非政府组织参与环境保护提供了理论依据。非政府组织通过政府、企业、公民等多种途径参与环境保护,具有自由灵活、专业化等特点,便于整合社会力量,在功能上具有明显的优势,其参与环保,无论从理论还是实践层面都具有可行性。 2008年中国环保联合会发表《中国环保民间组织现状调查报告》蓝皮书。调查显示目前我国民间环保组织发展迅速,但面临着诸多方面的困境,严重制约了非政府组织的发展。这些困难的存在主要源于我国相关法律体系不健全、立法层次低且滞后。在国外一些发达国家,非政府组织参与环保实践较早,法律制度也较为健全,能为我国提供有益启示。近年来,我国对非政府组织的重视程度日渐加强,政府部门陆续就有关法律法规的修订召开座谈会。两会期间,有不少代表提出对非政府组织进行专门立法的建议,相关法律法规正在陆续出台、逐步完善。针对我国非政府组织在环保参与中面临的问题,结合我国立法现状,并借鉴国外发达国家的先进制度与成熟做法,有必要从环境权利制度、登记监管制度、财政税收制度等方面对相关法律制度进行重新构建。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, the increasingly relaxed policy atmosphere and the constant awakening of civic consciousness, Chinese non-governmental organizations began to rise and develop in different fields in the middle and late 1990s. In particular, the field of environmental protection is playing a more and more important role. The theory of "government failure", "market failure", the rise and development of the theory of "public participation", as well as the introduction of relevant governing concepts in China, provide a theoretical basis for non-governmental organizations to participate in environmental protection. Non-governmental organizations participate in environmental protection through various channels, such as government, enterprises, citizens and so on. They are free and flexible, specialized and so on. They are easy to integrate social forces and have obvious advantages in their functions. They participate in environmental protection. Both theoretical and practical aspects are feasible. In 2008, the China Environmental Protection Federation published a blue book on the investigation of the current situation of environmental non-governmental organizations in China. The investigation shows that civil environmental protection organizations in our country are developing rapidly, but they are faced with many difficulties, which seriously restrict the development of non-governmental organizations. The existence of these difficulties is mainly due to the imperfect legal system, low legislative level and lagging behind. In some developed countries, NGOs took part in the practice of environmental protection earlier, and the legal system is also relatively sound, which can provide beneficial enlightenment for our country. In recent years, our country pays more and more attention to non-governmental organizations, and government departments hold forums on the revision of relevant laws and regulations one after another. During the two sessions, many deputies proposed special legislation for non-governmental organizations, and relevant laws and regulations are being promulgated one after another and gradually improved. In view of the problems faced by non-governmental organizations in participating in environmental protection in China, combined with the current situation of legislation in China, and drawing lessons from the advanced systems and mature practices of developed countries abroad, it is necessary to establish a system of environmental rights, registration and supervision. The financial and tax system and other aspects of the relevant legal system to rebuild.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.68;D632

【参考文献】