巴西的海洋政策及其对海洋法的立场

发布时间：2018-05-23 16:16

  本文选题：巴西 + 海洋法　； 参考：《拉丁美洲研究》2017年02期

【摘要】：广阔的海岸线和在南大西洋的优越地理位置赋予巴西重要的政治和战略地位,但历史上巴西对海洋法给予的关注有限。近年来巴西逐渐对大西洋海域的态度出现转变,其系列海洋行动表明该国重新对海洋法产生了兴趣。始于2004年的"蓝色亚马孙"项目旨在将大陆架起始点延伸至200海里,使巴西海洋面积达到400多万平方公里,但这一主张并未完全得到大陆架界限委员会的认可。1996年通过的圣彼得—圣保罗群岛计划使巴西围绕该群岛增加了45万平方公里的大陆架和专属经济区面积。2007年通过的特林达德岛科研计划旨在管理和推动特林达德岛、马丁瓦兹群岛及其附属海域的科研活动。2009年通过的南大西洋和赤道周边国际海域矿物资源勘探开发计划使得巴西的海洋活动超过了国家管辖范围,并于2015年与国际海底管理局签署了勘察合同。巴西对大西洋日益增长的兴趣是显著和多样的,当下巴西应加强海洋法的建设,以满足巴西对海洋资源日益高涨的兴趣和在大西洋加强行动的需要。
[Abstract]:The vast coastline and superior geographical position in the South Atlantic give Brazil an important political and strategic position, but Brazil has historically given limited attention to the law of the sea. In recent years, Brazil has gradually changed its attitude towards the Atlantic Ocean, with a series of ocean actions signalling renewed interest in the law of the sea. The "Blue Amazon" project, which began in 2004, aims to extend the starting point of the continental shelf to 200 nautical miles, bringing the area of the Brazilian ocean to more than 4 million square kilometres. However, this claim was not fully endorsed by the Commission on the limits of the Continental Shelf. The St. Peter S 茫 o Paulo Plan, adopted in 1996, increased Brazil's continental shelf and exclusive economic zone by 450000 square kilometres around the archipelago. The project was designed to manage and promote the island of Trindade. Scientific activities in the Martin Vaz Islands and its associated areas. The mineral resources exploration and exploitation plan for the South Atlantic Ocean and the international waters around the equator adopted in 2009 has led to activities in the Brazilian oceans beyond national jurisdiction. A survey contract was signed with the International seabed Authority in 2015. Brazil's growing interest in the Atlantic is significant and diverse, and it is time for Brazil to strengthen the construction of the law of the sea to meet its growing interest in ocean resources and the need for intensified action in the Atlantic.
【作者单位】： 加拿大哈利法克斯市达尔豪斯大学舒立克法学院;巴西伯南布哥州联邦大学亚洲研究院;
【分类号】：D977.7;DD912.6
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本文编号：1925468