环境权利义务再分配的困境分析

发布时间：2018-11-25 16:03

【摘要】：当前,生态文明的演进及生态危机对法律的利益调整机制及其功能提出了更深层要求。对于生态文明背景下的主要法律构成——环境法而言,环境法的利益调整机制如何适应社会需求、实现相应变革是当前一个需要深入论证与研究的重要问题。就目前的环境法调整机制而言,因受到"五大中心主义思维倾向"(末端应对中心主义、命令控制中心主义、制定法中心主义、利益限制中心主义、个体中心主义)约束,极大限制了环境法调整机制的优质运行。因此,突破"五大中心主义思维倾向"的桎梏是环境法调整机制变革的重点。从本源上而言,环境问题的产生非囿于其他因素,而恰恰源于人类自身。因此,环境问题的产生与存在应归因于人类的"原罪",源于生物人与社会人的对立和冲突。毫无疑问,问题的解决唯有依赖社会人。其中,公民就是社会人的制度内涵,基于"公民主体范式"的环境法制变革可以解读为:法律体系即公民环境伦理与道德、环境习惯与惯例、正式制定法与环境政策同构的统一体;法律关系即公民概念内涵的主体间性;法律规则即公民整体对自然环境整体的"责任"规则。为此,我们推出关于环境法调整机制变革的专题讨论,以求引起学术界关注,从而促进环境法调整机制的优化。
[Abstract]:At present, the evolution of ecological civilization and ecological crisis put forward deeper demands on the mechanism and function of legal interest adjustment. For the main legal constitution-environmental law under the background of ecological civilization, how to adapt the interest adjustment mechanism of environmental law to the needs of society and how to realize the corresponding change is an important issue that needs to be deeply demonstrated and studied at present. As far as the adjustment mechanism of environmental law is concerned, it is restricted by "five centralism thinking tendencies" (terminal coping centralism, command-control centralism, law-making centralism, benefit-limiting centralism, individual-centeredness). It greatly limits the high-quality operation of environmental law adjustment mechanism. Therefore, breaking through the shackles of "five-centralism thinking tendency" is the key point of the reform of the adjustment mechanism of environmental law. The origin of environmental problems is not limited by other factors, but by human beings themselves. Therefore, the emergence and existence of environmental problems should be attributed to the original sin of human beings, which originates from the antagonism and conflict between biological people and social people. There is no doubt that the problem can only be solved by social people. Among them, citizen is the institutional connotation of social person. The environmental legal reform based on the paradigm of "citizen subject" can be interpreted as: legal system, namely citizen environmental ethics and morality, environmental habits and practices, The unification of formal law and environmental policy; The legal relationship is the intersubjectivity of the concept of citizen, and the rule of law is the responsibility of the citizen to the whole natural environment. Therefore, we put forward a special discussion on the reform of the adjustment mechanism of environmental law, in order to attract the attention of the academia and promote the optimization of the adjustment mechanism of environmental law.
【作者单位】：安阳工学院人文社会科学系;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目《科学发展观与知识产权战略法治保障》(08CFX033) 教育部人文社会科学项目《和谐社会·温州模式·环境法调整机制变革》(05JD820063);《国外环境法理论与实践的最新发展——兼论新时期中国环境法律的发展》(2009JJD820005)
【分类号】：D912.6

【共引文献】