环境行政合同法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-11-25 16:21

【摘要】： 现代社会是一个经济飞速发展的社会,而随着经济发展带来的环境问题也越来越多的受到人们的关注。一种新型的治理环境问题的手段——环境行政合同走入人们的视野,即政府的环境保护职能部门与环境活动主体以合同的方式约定双方在有关环境保护活动中的权利义务,以实现环境保护的目的的一种改善环境的方法。这种方式在许多发达国家,如日本,荷兰,德国,法国等都得到了广泛应用并取得了很好的效果,这些都是值得我国借鉴的宝贵经验。同时,我国在环境行政合同方面的相关实践也屡见不鲜。然而在实践中出现的问题也是不容忽视的。主要表现为权利义务设置不够明确和平等；合同的履行过程中不注意对于行政相对人的保护,造成相对人参与积极性低；部分行政相对人出于私利,不惜牺牲公共利益等。上述问题限制了环境行政合同作为一个新型的的管理方法,在我国的环境治理领域发挥其应有的作用。本文对环境行政合同概念进行了介绍与剖析,介绍了一些发达国家的相关实践,并结合了我国目前实践中出现的问题以及对其原因的分析,对于构建我国环境行政合同制度提出了一些设想。本文共分为四章：第一章为环境行政合同的概念探析,旨在明确环境行政合同这一概念的内涵,介绍了环境行政合同名称、范畴、定义,并对其特征进行总结,包括其主体的特征,环境行政合同契约精神的有限性以及环境行政合同的公益性、科学性和长期性。第二章为发达国家的相关实践及对我国的启示,旨在通过对发达国家在环境行政合同方面的实践总结出值得我国借鉴的宝贵经验。本章首先介绍了日本、荷兰、德国、法国的相关实践,随后对其经验进行了总结。第三章为我国环境行政合同的现状及存在问题。本章主要介绍了环境行政合同在我国应用的几种主要形式：污染治理类行政合同,环境保护目标责任书,环境工程建设合同,退耕还林合同,护林员委任合同,排污权许可合同等,结合实际例子逐一指出其存在的问题,并对问题成因进行了分析。第四章为关于构建我国环境行政合同制度的一些设想。本章阐述了笔者关于构建我国环境行政合同制度的相关设想,包括对基本原则的确定,环境行政内容的设置,以及对于环境行政合同目的的实现有着重要意义违约责任和救济制度。
[Abstract]:Modern society is a society with rapid economic development, and with the economic development, environmental problems are paid more and more attention. The environmental administrative contract is a new way to control the environmental problem, that is, the government's environmental protection function department and the environmental activity subject agree in the way of contract the rights and obligations of the two parties in the relevant environmental protection activities. A method of improving the environment for the purpose of environmental protection. This method has been widely used in many developed countries, such as Japan, Holland, Germany, France and so on. At the same time, our country in the environmental administrative contract related practice is also common. However, the problems in practice can not be ignored. The main performance of the right and obligation is not clear and equal; the performance of the contract does not pay attention to the protection of the administrative counterpart, resulting in low participation enthusiasm; some administrative counterpart out of private interests, at the expense of public interests. The above problems limit the environmental administrative contract as a new management method and play its due role in the field of environmental governance in China. This paper introduces and analyzes the concept of environmental administrative contract, introduces the relevant practices of some developed countries, and analyzes the problems and causes in our country's current practice. Some tentative ideas are put forward for the construction of environmental administrative contract system in China. This paper is divided into four chapters: the first chapter is the analysis of the concept of environmental administrative contract, aiming at clarifying the connotation of the concept of environmental administrative contract, introducing the name, category, definition of environmental administrative contract, and summarizing its characteristics. It includes the characteristics of the subject, the limitation of the contract spirit of the environmental administrative contract and the public welfare, scientific and long-term nature of the environmental administrative contract. The second chapter is about the relevant practices of developed countries and the enlightenment to our country, aiming at summing up the valuable experience of our country through the practice of environmental administrative contract in developed countries. This chapter first introduces the relevant practices of Japan, the Netherlands, Germany and France, and then summarizes their experiences. The third chapter is the current situation and existing problems of environmental administrative contract in China. This chapter mainly introduces several main forms of environmental administrative contract applied in our country: administrative contract of pollution control, environmental protection target responsibility, environmental engineering construction contract, contract of returning farmland to forest, contract of forest protection appointment, Combined with practical examples, the existing problems are pointed out, and the causes of the problems are analyzed. The fourth chapter is about the construction of China's environmental administrative contract system some ideas. This chapter describes the author's related ideas on the construction of environmental administrative contract system in China, including the determination of the basic principles, the setting of environmental administrative content, And the realization of environmental administrative contract has important significance of breach of contract liability and relief system.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.6

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