我国狩猎权的法律制度研究
发布时间：2018-12-15 02:13
【摘要】： 狩猎是人类一种重要的谋生手段,曾是生产舞台上的重要角色。狩猎在产生之初是自由的,没有行政力量和法律的管理和约束。最初的狩猎对动物资源的延续毫无影响,但进入现代社会,野生动植物及其产品的国际贸易日益猖獗,导致野生动物资源数量锐减。因此,就有必要对狩猎行为进行干预和限制,世界各国纷纷采取措施保护野生动物资源,以维护生态平衡。 狩猎与野生动物保护的关系是各国资源保护和利用需要解决的一个问题。野生动物的保护与科学利用并不冲突,动物资源的生态价值与经济价值都可以为人类服务,在不影响生态的前提下,科学有效的利用野生动物资源,发挥其经济效益,这也是野生动物的价值所在。各国在一定范围一定条件下,授予当事人以狩猎权,这是利用野生动物的重要方式之一。 狩猎权是公民、法人或其他组织经过国家行政主管部门的许可,依照法定程序所取得的对非国家重点保护野生动物的狩猎权利,在性质上属于用益物权。我国的狩猎权法没有单独的立法,相关立法散见于《野生动物保护法》等法律规范中;狩猎权客体不明确;狩猎权主体没有资格限定;狩猎证的管理不完善;狩猎收费价款不能反映野生动物生存状况,收费收入分配应确保当地居民的利益保证等。同时我国的狩猎权管理实践中,长期以来的审批模式,在行政许可法颁布后已不能继续,新的拍卖方式的探索不成熟,不利于我国狩猎产业的发展。 对比国际上狩猎权的立法和管理实践,有一些国家禁止狩猎,但也有不少国家的狩猎产业在狩猎法规和成熟的管理体制下发展成熟,多数允许狩猎的国家通过狩猎许可规范狩猎权,在猎物种群、狩猎收入分配、狩猎权本国人优先等方面值得我们结合我国的国情,探索出适合我国的历史和实践的狩猎权法律制度。 通过对国内外的立法和管理实践的对比分析,提出我国狩猎权立法的建议:强化狩猎权立法;科学确定狩猎权的客体;确定本国人狩猎权优先,考虑在对等原则上给予外国人以狩猎权;完善狩猎证管理规定;完善狩猎权收费制度;探索狩猎权拍卖方式,使野生动物资源利用最大化。
[Abstract]:Hunting is an important means of livelihood for human beings, once an important role on the stage of production. Hunting was free at the beginning, without administrative power and legal control and discipline. The initial hunting had no effect on the continuation of animal resources, but in modern society, the international trade of wildlife and its products became increasingly rampant, resulting in a sharp decline in the number of wildlife resources. Therefore, it is necessary to intervene and restrict hunting behavior. Countries all over the world have taken measures to protect wildlife resources in order to maintain ecological balance. The relationship between hunting and wildlife conservation is a problem to be solved in the conservation and utilization of national resources. There is no conflict between the protection of wild animals and the scientific utilization. The ecological value and economic value of animal resources can serve human beings. On the premise of not affecting ecology, wildlife resources can be utilized scientifically and effectively to bring their economic benefits into full play. This is also the value of wildlife. Under certain conditions, countries grant hunting rights to the parties, which is one of the important ways to use wild animals. Hunting right is the hunting right obtained by citizens, legal persons or other organizations according to the legal procedure, which is a usufruct right in nature. The hunting right law of our country has no separate legislation, and the relevant legislation is scattered in the legal norms such as "Wildlife Protection Law", the object of hunting right is not clear, the subject of hunting right is not qualified, the management of hunting license is not perfect. The price of hunting fee can not reflect the living conditions of wild animals, and the distribution of fee income should ensure the interests of local residents and so on. At the same time, in the practice of hunting right management in our country, the long-term examination and approval mode has been unable to continue after the promulgation of the administrative license law, and the exploration of the new auction method is immature, which is not conducive to the development of the hunting industry in our country. Comparing with the legislation and management practice of hunting right in the world, some countries prohibit hunting, but many countries develop and mature hunting industry under hunting laws and regulations and mature management system. Most of the countries that allow hunting regulate hunting right through hunting permit. In the aspects of game population, hunting income distribution, hunting right, national priority and so on, it is worth considering our country's national conditions. To explore the legal system of hunting right suitable for the history and practice of our country. Through the comparative analysis of legislation and management practice at home and abroad, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the legislation of hunting right in our country: strengthening the legislation of hunting right, scientifically determining the object of hunting right, and putting forward the following suggestions: 1. Determine the priority of hunting rights of native people, consider giving hunting rights to foreigners on the principle of reciprocity; perfect the regulations of hunting license management; perfect the system of charging for hunting rights; explore the auction mode of hunting rights; and make the wildlife resources use maximum.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.6
本文编号：2379765
[Abstract]:Hunting is an important means of livelihood for human beings, once an important role on the stage of production. Hunting was free at the beginning, without administrative power and legal control and discipline. The initial hunting had no effect on the continuation of animal resources, but in modern society, the international trade of wildlife and its products became increasingly rampant, resulting in a sharp decline in the number of wildlife resources. Therefore, it is necessary to intervene and restrict hunting behavior. Countries all over the world have taken measures to protect wildlife resources in order to maintain ecological balance. The relationship between hunting and wildlife conservation is a problem to be solved in the conservation and utilization of national resources. There is no conflict between the protection of wild animals and the scientific utilization. The ecological value and economic value of animal resources can serve human beings. On the premise of not affecting ecology, wildlife resources can be utilized scientifically and effectively to bring their economic benefits into full play. This is also the value of wildlife. Under certain conditions, countries grant hunting rights to the parties, which is one of the important ways to use wild animals. Hunting right is the hunting right obtained by citizens, legal persons or other organizations according to the legal procedure, which is a usufruct right in nature. The hunting right law of our country has no separate legislation, and the relevant legislation is scattered in the legal norms such as "Wildlife Protection Law", the object of hunting right is not clear, the subject of hunting right is not qualified, the management of hunting license is not perfect. The price of hunting fee can not reflect the living conditions of wild animals, and the distribution of fee income should ensure the interests of local residents and so on. At the same time, in the practice of hunting right management in our country, the long-term examination and approval mode has been unable to continue after the promulgation of the administrative license law, and the exploration of the new auction method is immature, which is not conducive to the development of the hunting industry in our country. Comparing with the legislation and management practice of hunting right in the world, some countries prohibit hunting, but many countries develop and mature hunting industry under hunting laws and regulations and mature management system. Most of the countries that allow hunting regulate hunting right through hunting permit. In the aspects of game population, hunting income distribution, hunting right, national priority and so on, it is worth considering our country's national conditions. To explore the legal system of hunting right suitable for the history and practice of our country. Through the comparative analysis of legislation and management practice at home and abroad, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the legislation of hunting right in our country: strengthening the legislation of hunting right, scientifically determining the object of hunting right, and putting forward the following suggestions: 1. Determine the priority of hunting rights of native people, consider giving hunting rights to foreigners on the principle of reciprocity; perfect the regulations of hunting license management; perfect the system of charging for hunting rights; explore the auction mode of hunting rights; and make the wildlife resources use maximum.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.6
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 代吉林;我国的自然资源产权、政府行为与制度演进[J];当代财经;2004年07期
2 田信桥,钱杭园;论我国生物多样性立法的现状及其完善[J];当代生态农业;2001年Z2期
3 宁红丽;狩猎权的私法视角界定[J];法学;2004年12期
4 胡嘉滨,毕波,郭伟;论我国生物多样性保护和可持续利用法律体系的重构[J];国土与自然资源研究;2002年02期
5 杨源;论我国动物保护法律体系的完善[J];国土与自然资源研究;2003年01期
6 边疆;生物多样性保护[J];黑龙江环境通报;2003年01期
7 郭耕;;狩猎应尊重生态权利[J];绿叶;2006年08期
8 蒋志刚;物种濒危等级划分与物种保护[J];生物学通报;2000年09期
9 蔡守秋;论生物安全法[J];河南省政法管理干部学院学报;2002年02期
10 王新军 ,顾正勤;浅谈国际狩猎与野生动物保护管理之间的关系[J];野生动物;2004年03期
，本文编号：2379765
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/falvlunwen/huanjingziyuanfa/2379765.html
