论日常家事代理权

发布时间：2018-02-08 13:12

本文关键词： 日常家事代理权日常家事夫妻债务连带责任　出处：《华东政法大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 日常家事代理权又称为家事代理权,作为配偶权中的一项重要内容,是传统民法亲属法中用以规范夫妻关系的一项重要制度。日常家事代理权是指夫妻一方在因家庭日常事务而与第三人为一定的法律行为时,享有代理配偶他方的权利。具体地说,夫妻一方代表家庭所为的日常家务法律行为,视为夫妻共同的意思表示,夫妻他方亦必须承担法律后果,夫妻双方对该行为承担共同的连带责任。创建这一制度的原因有如下几点:首先,男女一旦结婚,便创设夫妻这一身份关系,组成一个共同生活的家庭。为维持家庭的日常生活,产生日常的家庭事务如何执行、日常家庭事务范围的财产权如何行使以及由此产生的债务该如何承担等问题。其次,夫妻关系乃是人与人之间最紧密的联系,婚姻家庭中的财产关系由于与人身关系密不可分且具有很大的隐秘性。这种特点在夫妻一方与第三人进行交易时,对第三人的利益产生极大的影响。因此有必要利用法律规范保护第三人利益。长期以来我国的婚姻立法对此缺乏关注。新《婚姻法》及相关解释颁布后,有学者认为《婚姻法》第17条第1款的规定已经包含夫妻之间的日常家事代理权。但笔者认为“夫妻对共同所有的财产,有平等的处理权”这一规定,立法的着眼点在于夫妻的内部关系,而日常家事代理制度针对的是夫妻与第三人之间的法律关系。之后《婚姻法解释(一)》第17条第1款对日常家事代理权进行了规定。但仍存在一定的问题:此项司法解释没有涉及日常家事代理法律行为的范围、行使方式、后果承担等基本问题,不具可操作性。因此仍需对此项制度进一步研究,逐步完善我国相关立法。本文对日常家事代理权进行了较为全面的探讨和分析,针对我国现行立法的不足,在借鉴其他国家立法经验的基础上,对完善我国的立法提出一些建议,希望能对我国正在制定中的民法典婚姻法部分有所贡献。本文共分为四部分,约三万五千字。第一部分系日常家事代理权概述。主要介绍日常家事代理权的定义、理论起源及这一制度的意义。这一部分是全文的基础。作者首先论述了日常家事代理权的含义,接下来从大陆法系及英美法系两个方面梳理了这一制度产生、发展的过程,并阐述了研究意义。第二部分为日常家事代理权的性质。作者首先列举现有关于日常家事代理权的各种理论并分别加以评述,依据民法学原理及现有法律规范,提出自己的看法即日常家事代理是特殊的法定代理。在认清日常家事代理权性质的基础上,笔者继续探讨了日常家事代理权究竟属于夫妻财产效力还是夫妻身份效力这一问题。第三部分为日常家事代理权的比较法研究。以法国、瑞士、德国、日本、我国台湾、英国、美国等国家及地区为例,从日常家事代理权限范围、权利行使等方面加以分析、归纳。通过各国立法例的比较,分析其优劣,为我国日常家事代理制度的建立和完善提供一定的借鉴意义。第四部分系对我国婚姻立法有关日常家事代理权规定的检讨,该部分是本文的重点。在分析了我国日常家事代理制度立法现状的基础上,借鉴其他国家的立法经验,结合我国的国情及相关的夫妻法律制度,为我国日常家事代理权的完善提出了具体的建议。
[Abstract]:The daily chores agency called the family agency, as an important content of spouse right and is in the traditional relative law an important system to regulate the relationship between husband and wife. The daily chores agency refers to one of the spouses in the family because of daily affairs and third people enjoy certain legal behavior, agency the other spouse rights. Specifically, the daily chores of legal acts of one of the spouses is on behalf of the family, as husband and wife together mean that other couples must also bear the legal consequences of the act, the couple shared joint responsibility.
The reason for this system is as follows: first, men and women once married, they create a couple of this identity relationship, a common family life. In order to maintain the family's daily life, daily household affairs to carry on the daily family affairs scope of property rights and how to exercise the resulting debt of the problem how to bear. Secondly, the relationship between husband and wife is the most close relationship between people, marriage and family relations in the property and personal relations are inseparable and is very hidden. The characteristics of trade in one of the spouses and third people, have a great impact on the interests of the third person. So it is necessary to the use of legal norms to protect the interests of the third party.
Long term since the marriage legislation of our country. The lack of attention to this new "marriage law" and related judicial interpretation promulgated, some scholars believe that the provisions of the first paragraph of "marriage law" has been included seventeenth couples daily chores agency. But I think that "on the common property of all couples have equal rights" of the the focus is on the legislative provisions of the internal relationship between husband and wife, and for the daily chores agency system is the legal relationship between husband and wife and third people. After the "marriage law interpretation of paragraph first (a) > seventeenth provisions for the daily chores agency. But there are still some problems: the judicial interpretation no scope that relates to the housekeeping agency legal exercise, the basic problems of consequences, not feasible. Therefore this system still need further study, and gradually improve the relevant legislation in our country.
This paper discussed and analyzed on the daily household matters authority, aiming at the defects of our current legislation, on the basis of the legislative experience of other countries, the author puts forward some suggestions to perfect the legislation of our country, hoping to contribute to the civil marriage law in China is being developed. This paper is divided into the four part, about thirty-five thousand words.
The first part of the Department of the daily chores agency. Mainly introduces the overview of the daily chores agency definition, theory origin and significance of this system. This is the basic part of this paper. The author first discusses the meaning of the daily chores agency, then from the two aspects of the common law and civil law elaborated this system development. In the process, and expounds the significance of the research.
The second part is the right of daily family agent properties. Firstly the author lists existing about the daily chores agency theory and were to be reviewed, according to the civil law principle and the existing legal norms, put forward their own views that housekeeping agency is a special statutory agency. In the clear recognition foundation of daily housework agency properties, are discussed the daily chores agency really belongs to matrimonial property or marital status effect effect of this problem the author continues to.
The third part is the comparative study of daily housework agency. In France, Switzerland, Germany, Japan, China Taiwan, Britain, the United States and other countries and regions as an example, from the daily household matters authority, the exercise of rights and other aspects of analysis, summarized. Through comparison of national legislation, and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages, in order to establish and provide a reference to improve our daily chores agency system.
The fourth part is to review the provisions of China's marriage law about the daily chores agency, this part is the focus of this paper. Based on the analysis of the status quo of China's legislation of daily chores agency system, learn from the legislative experience of other countries, combined with China's national conditions and the related matrimonial legal system, put forward specific proposals for our daily chores agency perfect.

【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D913

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