论夫妻间之不动产归属约定

发布时间：2018-02-17 03:03

本文关键词： 夫妻不动产归属约定夫妻约定财产制夫妻财产赠与不动产登记变动规则登记　出处：《西南政法大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,夫妻之间因财产契约所引发的纠纷日益增多,个案案情也呈现出了错综复杂的特征,其中夫妻不动产归属约定纠纷案件的裁判亦是学界关注的焦点之一。司法实践中,从法院处理对此类案件的态度可以看出,夫妻不动产归属约定的效力已经得到一致的认可,但是对其定性及对其效力的评价等问题则尚未形成统一的意见。本文除引言和结语外,共分为四个部分:第一部分:问题的提出。本部分以公报案例的形式引入本文研究的对象夫妻不动产归属约定,指出需要解决的问题。首先是夫妻约定不动产归属约定的性质问题,应当纳入夫妻约定财产制范畴还是认定为民事财产赠与协议。其次是如何看待《物权法》上的不动产登记变动规则与夫妻约定财产制中对内“约束力”的关系问题,应适用《婚姻法》第19条的规定约定即发生物权变动的效力,还是适用《物权法》确立的不动产登记变动规则仅法生债权性质的效力。最后是如何协调两法存在的“冲突”。第二部分:夫妻不动产归属约定的理论考量。本部分主要分析了夫妻不动产归属约定的特征、性质、效力等基本问题,为下文的论述明确方向。夫妻不动产归属约定具有身份性、传统道德约束性、意思自治性等特征。夫妻不动产归属约定应属于夫妻约定财产制度范畴,首先我国的夫妻约定财产制度的立法模式立法上未进行明确,但是应解读为自由式的立法模式,其次理论上所主张的从约定范围、双方真实意愿角度对夫妻约定财产制与夫妻财产赠与进行区分存在困难,不具有现实可操作性,最后指出将夫妻不动产归属约定定性为夫妻约定财产制更有利于保护真实物权人利益。夫妻不动产归属约定的效力分为对内效力与对外效力,其中继承人不属于物权法意义上的第三人。第三部分:我国夫妻不动产归属约定的立法考量与评析。本部分首先介绍了我国《物权法》、《婚姻法》及其相关司法解释关于夫妻不动产归属约定的相关规定。其后,在我国现行立法规定的基础上进行了评析,指出《婚姻法》与《物权法》两法关于夫妻不动产归属约定的“冲突”是立法背景、时间与价值理念的差异造成的,指出两法在衔接上存在滞后性。另外,我国现行立法在夫妻约定财产制的立法模式、夫妻财产赠与和夫妻约定财产制的区分两方面缺乏明确的规定,其导致实务中对夫妻不动产归属约定的定性存在困难,立法急需明确。第四部分:夫妻不动产归属约定制度的完善。本部分首先指出在夫妻不动产归属约定的内部效力方面,立法应坚持弱化不动产登记制度在婚姻家庭内部效力中的作用,一方面不动产登记簿仅具有权利推定力,其并非一定表示真实的权属状况,《物权法》在进行立法时已经进行了认可,另一方面不动产登记制度强调的外部公示公信价值在婚姻家庭内部的作用并不彰显。其次,在夫妻不动产归属约定的外部效力方面,立法应进行适当修正,确立登记在其外部效力中的作用,进而取代现行法上“第三人知道”这一抽象性规范,无论是从他国经验来看,还是从我国的法制现状分析,此规则的确立均具有可行性。再次,从现实需要与尊重意思自治角度来看,自由式立法模式更能适应我国夫妻约定财产制度的发展需要,立法应当予以明确。最后,将夫妻财产赠与制度纳入夫妻约定财产制范畴,通过夫妻约定财产制度的完善实现夫妻财产赠与制度设置的目的,是处理两者关系的最佳选择。
[Abstract]:In recent years, between husband and wife due to property contract disputes caused by increasing, the case case also showed a perplexing feature, which couples judge real estate ownership contract dispute case is also one of the focus in the field of judicial practice, the court for such case attitude can be seen that the real effect of husband and wife property rights agreed has been unanimously recognized, but the problems of qualitative and its effectiveness evaluation has not yet formed a unified opinion. Besides the introduction and conclusion, is divided into four parts: the first part: put forward the problem. This part of the bulletin cases in the form of the introduction of the research object of this paper is not husband and wife real estate ownership agreement, points out the problems need to be solved. The first is the marital real estate ownership nature of the contract, shall be included in the scope of the marital property system is regarded as the gift of property. Discussion. The second is how to treat the relationship between property law > < on the real estate registration change rule and the "binding" of the marital property system, the application of the "marriage law" should be stipulated in article nineteenth of the Convention will take effect of real right change, or the application of the "Property Law > established real estate board effect remember the change rules of law only the nature of creditor's rights. The last is how to coordinate the two existing" conflict ". The second part: the couple of real estate ownership's theoretical considerations. This part mainly analyzes the characteristics of real estate ownership of husband and wife, agreed the nature of basic problems of effectiveness, for the next paper couples a clear direction. The real estate ownership identity, traditional moral constraint, characteristics of autonomy. The couple of real estate ownership should belong to the marital property system legislation mode first category, our system of marital property is not in The line is clear, but should be interpreted as the legislative mode of free style, the second theory advocated from the scope of the agreement, the two sides will point to the marital property system and property is difficult to distinguish the gift, does not have the practical operability, finally pointed out that the real estate ownership of husband and wife as marital property system more conducive to the protection of real property interests. The couple effect of real property ownership is divided into internal validity and external validity, the successor does not belong to the property law on the meaning of the third. Third part: China's real estate ownership of the couple agreed legislative considerations and analysis. This part introduces China's "property law < > >, the marriage law and its judicial interpretation on real estate ownership of the relevant provisions of the couple agreed. Subsequently, based on China's current legislation on the regulations of" marriage law "and" pointed out that the real right law > two Law on marital property ownership "conflict" is caused by the time difference between the legislative background and value idea, pointed out that two lags in cohesion. In addition, the current legislation of our country in the legislation of marital property system, matrimonial gift and marital property system and the provisions of the lack of clear distinction between the two in practice, the couple of real estate ownership agreement qualitative difficulties, legislation urgent need to clear. The fourth part: husband and improvement of real estate ownership system. This part firstly points out that the husband and wife in the real estate ownership of the internal validity of contract, legislation should adhere to weakening the role of real estate registration system in marriage and family the internal validity of a realty register only with the presumption of rights, it is not certain that ownership of real property law, "has been recognized in the" legislation, the other party Face real estate registration system emphasizes the external public trust value in marriage and family internal role is not obvious. Secondly, in the real estate ownership of husband and wife external validity of agreement, the legislation should be amended, in the registration of the establishment of the role of external force, and then replace the current law on "third people know" an abstract specification, whether it is from the experience of other countries, or from the status quo of China's legal analysis, the establishment of this rule are all feasible. Thirdly, from the practical needs and respect the autonomy perspective, free mode can adapt to the need of the development of the marital property agreement system in China, the legislation should be clear finally, the marital property system of donation into the category of marital property system, through the improvement of marital property system in the implementation of the system of donation set property, which is the best choice for the treatment of Optional.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D923.9;D923.2

【相似文献】