全面贯彻儿童权益保护原则构建和完善我国涉外收养立法

发布时间：2018-03-31 18:55

  本文选题：儿童权益保护原则　切入点：涉外收养　出处：《对外经济贸易大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国第一例涉外收养案例始自1981年,随着我国与其它国家之间的交往不断加深,我国涉外收养案例也随之不断增加。实践中,涉外收养为永久安置中国的孤残儿童提供了一条全新的途径,为双方当事人的利益提供了更加全面的保护,同时也促进了我国与其它收养国之间的交流。但是,应该看到,尽管我国涉外收养案例呈现不断增长的态势,但是由于我国的涉外收养立法还不够完善,致使在涉外收养中,一些不法分子披着涉外收养这件合法的外衣,掩盖其拐卖儿童送养国外,获得不正当利益的非法目的;由于涉外收养事后监督手段单一,致使出现被收养中国儿童在国外收养家庭被虐待,合法权益受到侵害的案件。在斥责这些骇人丑闻的同时,被收养儿童的权益维护问题更应引起社会关注。被收养儿童权益维护也是涉外收养的根本目的所在。儿童权益保护原则作为涉外收养立法的基本原则,对于有效维护被收养儿童合法权益,使其能够通过涉外收养真正找到一个温暖的家庭,健康快乐的成长是大有助益的。目前,我国涉外收养立法与发达国家相比,还存在着内容相对滞后且规定过于简单,缺乏较为完整的涉外收养法律框架等问题。鉴于此笔者认为,我国也应积极借鉴其它国家在涉外收养立法方面的成功经验,将儿童权益保护原则作为我国涉外收养立法的一项基本原则,应全面贯彻于涉外收养全过程。本文分为四章,第一章通过论述儿童权益保护原则的内涵及重要意义,明确其在国际社会关于涉外收养立法趋势中的意义所在。第二章,通过论述儿童权益保护原则在我国的立法体现,并与英美法三国之立法体现进行比较,体现各国的儿童权益保护观。第三章分析了我国涉外收养在实体法、程序法及法律适用方面存在的缺失及在实践中面临的现实困难。第四章笔者结合我国涉外收养立法方面的缺失,从维护被收养儿童权益出发,提出了进一步构建和完善我国涉外收养立法的建议。期待本文能够为解决我国涉外收养实践问题,使被收养儿童的各项权益得到切实保护贡献自己的绵薄之力。
[Abstract]:The first case of foreign adoption in China began in 1981. With the deepening of exchanges between China and other countries, the number of foreign adoptions in China has also increased. Foreign-related adoption provides a new way to permanently resettle the disabled children in China, provides a more comprehensive protection for the interests of both parties, and also promotes exchanges between China and other adoptive countries. However, it should be noted that, Although the cases of foreign adoptions in our country are on the rise, but the legislation of foreign adoption is not perfect enough in our country, some illegal elements are wearing the legal cloak of foreign adoption. To cover up the illegal purpose of abducting and selling children to a foreign country and obtaining improper interests; as a result of the single means of monitoring foreign adoptions, there has been an abuse of adopted Chinese children in adopted families abroad. Cases where legitimate rights and interests have been violated... While reprimanding these horrendous scandals, The protection of the rights and interests of the adopted children should be paid more attention to by the society. The protection of the rights and interests of the adopted children is also the fundamental purpose of the foreign adoptions. The principle of the protection of the rights and interests of the children is regarded as the basic principle of the foreign adoption legislation. It is of great help to effectively safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of adopted children so that they can really find a warm family through foreign adoptions. At present, the legislation on foreign adoption in China is compared with that of developed countries. There are still some problems, such as relatively backward content, too simple stipulation, lack of a relatively complete legal framework for foreign adoption, etc. In view of this, the author thinks that our country should also actively learn from the successful experience of other countries in foreign adoption legislation. This article is divided into four chapters. The first chapter discusses the connotation and significance of the principle of the protection of children's rights and interests. In the second chapter, by discussing the principle of the protection of children's rights and interests in our legislation, and comparing it with the legislation of the three countries of Anglo-American law. The third chapter analyzes the substantive law of foreign adoptions in China. The absence of procedural law and the application of law and the practical difficulties in practice. The fourth chapter combines the absence of foreign adoption legislation in China, starting from the protection of the rights and interests of adopted children. The author puts forward some suggestions for further construction and perfection of foreign adoption legislation in China. It is expected that this paper can contribute to the practical problems of foreign adoption in China and to protect the rights and interests of adopted children.
【学位授予单位】：对外经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.9
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本文编号：1692010