我国反家庭暴力法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 12:20

本文选题：家庭暴力 + 反家庭暴力法　；参考：《长江大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：家庭是社会的组成部分,家庭是我们生活中的避风港,而家庭暴力则是家庭的暴风雨,会把家庭吹的支离破粹。我国在受封建统治长达近两千多年,男权思想深入人心,大众潜意识里男子地位就是比女人高,子女就应该是由家长用自己的方式管教,律法是不得介入的。清官难断家务事也是政府面对家暴的基本思维模式。不过随着社会的发展,女权运动的深入,妇女地位逐渐提高,妇女权利保护问题、未成年保护问题等等,说明家庭中弱势群体受到了大众的关注。反家庭暴力的问题,是世界各国都在关注的问题,很多国家都已经制定了相关立法。以法制暴已经是一个不可逆转的趋势,所以在2015年12月27号,全国人大常委会也通过了《反家庭暴力法》,这是我国首部关于家暴的专门立法,是我国在保护人权上的又一立法体现,是我国法制的进步。不过也有人反对,因为这涉及公权力侵入私权利领域的问题。对于这个问题,笔者认为当一种暴力影响到了社会的发展与和谐,将不再仅仅是个人问题了,因为它已经影响到了其他人的生活。而法律的出台,是可以规范、预防家庭暴力的发生与增长。也许在实践中,可能会侵犯到个人私权,但是从世界各国的反家暴经验与我国立法前各地试点的结果来看,立法还是有必要,且能起到很好的效果的。本文分五个部分对家暴问题就行论述。第一部,首先指出家庭暴力的概念,是指发生在家庭成员之间的,以殴打、捆绑、禁闭、残害或者其它手段对家庭成员从身体、精神、性等方面进行伤害和摧残的行为。其次通过李阳、董珊珊等人的家暴案例分析出家庭暴力的表现。再次分析出家庭暴力的特征即主体的特定性、行为的隐蔽性、手段的多样性、取证难度大的特点。从而指出了家庭暴力的危害性。第二部分,分析家庭暴力产生的原因,从历史文化、社会经济、家庭成长环境以及个人因素四个方面进行了分析。历史文化上,我国受封建统治时间长,夫权观念、父权观念都深入人心;经济上男性占有主导地位,男性收入普遍高于女性且有差距拉大的趋势,是的女性在经济上对男性有依耐性,未成年子女更是如此;家庭成长环境会影响甚至会改变一个人的一生,从小生长在一个经常有家暴的环境中,会将家暴的种子埋入未成年心里,当孩子长大成家,遇到问题就会以暴力解决问题,将家暴“传承”下去。第三部分,通过分析我国现有立法和司法实践情况,与我国台湾地区、美国、英国、日本的反家庭暴力立法和司法实践做比较。我国除了《反家庭暴力法》以外,其他配套措施任然欠缺,而台湾地区、美国、英国、日本的配套措施相对比较完善,其中以美国的立法和司法实践最为完善。第四部分,通过前面章节的比较分析,指出我国立法的缺失和司法实践中的不足点。例如未能在违法后果上将家庭暴力与普通暴力区分开,一概做暴力论处,体现不了家庭暴力的特殊性。预防制度和人身保护令制度缺乏相匹配的措施,使之难以发挥最大的效用。在本章第二部分,指出了司法实践中的不足,如执法人数不足,执法队伍建设不够专业等等问题。本章的第二部分即反家庭暴力法律制度的完善,从立法上尽快完善相匹配的配套立法,司法实践推进上,要加强政府的重视感和责任感,优化执法队伍结构,增加执法人数,提高执法人员专业素质。第五部分,结语,分析《反家庭暴力法》草案到正式法案的过程,虽然仍有待完善,但是它是我国反家庭暴力法律体制建设的第一步,提现了我国法制建设的进步。
[Abstract]:Family is the part of society, family is the haven in our life, and family violence is the storm of family. It will break the family's support. In our country, the feudal rule has lasted for nearly two thousand years. The patriarchal thought is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. The men's status is higher than the woman in the public subconscious. The children should be used by their parents. In the way of discipline, the law is not involved. It is the basic mode of thinking for the government to face the domestic violence. However, with the development of the society, the deepening of the women's rights movement, the gradual improvement of the status of women, the protection of women's rights, the protection of the underage and so on, it shows that the disadvantaged groups in the family are concerned about the public. The problem of force is a matter of concern in all countries of the world. Many countries have formulated relevant legislation. Legal violence has been an irreversible trend. So in December 27, 2015, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress also passed the law against domestic violence. This is the first special legislation on domestic violence in China, and it is the protection of human rights in our country. Another legislature embodies the progress of our country's legal system. But some people oppose it because it involves the issue of public power intrusion into the field of private rights. For this question, I think that when a kind of violence affects social development and harmony, it will no longer be a personal problem, because it has affected the lives of other people. It can be standardized to prevent the occurrence and growth of domestic violence. Perhaps in practice, personal rights may be violated, but from the experience of anti domestic violence in the world and the results of the pilot of our country before the legislation, the legislation is still necessary and can play a very good effect. This article is divided into five parts to discuss the problem of domestic violence. First, it points out that the concept of domestic violence refers to the injury and destruction of family members in the aspects of assault, binding, confinement, disability or other means to the family members from the physical, spiritual, and sexual aspects of family members. Secondly, the family violence is analyzed by Li Yang, Dong Shanshan and other cases of domestic violence. The characteristics of the court violence are the specificity of the main body, the concealment of behavior, the diversity of means and the difficulty of obtaining evidence. Thus, the harmfulness of domestic violence is pointed out. The second part analyses the causes of domestic violence, and analyzes the four aspects of history, culture, social economy, family growth environment and individual factors. China has long been dominated by the feudal rule, the concept of the right of husband, the patriarchal concept, the male dominant position in the economy, the male income generally higher than the female and the tendency to widen the gap, the women are economically resistant to men, and the minor children are more so; the environment of the family growth will affect or even change a person's life, Growing up in an environment that often has domestic violence, the seeds of domestic violence will be buried in the underage heart. When children grow home, they will solve problems with violence and "inherit" domestic violence. The third part, by analyzing the existing legislation and judicial practice in our country, and the anti home in Taiwan, the United States, the United Kingdom and Japan. In addition to the "anti domestic violence law", other supporting measures are lacking, while the supporting measures in Taiwan, the United States, the United Kingdom and Japan are relatively perfect, and the legislative and judicial practice in the United States is the most perfect. Fourth parts, through the comparison and analysis of the previous chapters, we point out the legislation of our country. In the second part of this chapter, the second part of this chapter points out that the lack of domestic violence and common violence, for example, can not reflect the particularity of domestic violence. The second part of this chapter is to improve the legal system of anti domestic violence, to improve the matching legislation as soon as possible, and to promote the judicial practice, to strengthen the sense of attention and responsibility of the government, to optimize the structure of the law enforcement team and to increase the law enforcement. Number, improve the professional quality of law enforcement personnel. The fifth part, conclusion, the analysis of the "anti domestic violence law" to the formal bill process, although still needs to be improved, but it is the first step in the construction of China's legal system against domestic violence, and put forward the progress of China's legal system.

【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.9

【相似文献】