论我国意定监护合同制度之构建

发布时间：2018-04-22 18:14

本文选题：意定监护 + 意定监护合同　；参考：《甘肃政法学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：各国早期的成年监护制度起源于罗马法。到20世纪后期,发达国家基于老龄化的社会现状对本国的成年监护制度进行了完善,意定监护制度应运而生。而意定监护制度在我国的发展始于2013年颁布的《老年人权益保障法》,其中提出了“协议养老”的方式。2017年3月15日通过的《民法总则》将意定监护制度正式规定于我国的民事立法之中,是对我国传统成年监护制度的一大创新。但是,纵观目前的立法现状,意定监护制度在我国都只是一般性、原则性的规定,而作为意定监护制度重要内容的意定监护合同在立法上却处于空白地段。鉴于此,笔者将意定监护合同作为本文所探讨的议题,对我国意定监护合同制度提出具体的构想,使之在实践中具有可操作的功能。本文将意定监护合同制度的基本理论作为出发点。第一章对意定监护合同的基本内涵和法律性质进行分析,明确意定监护合同实质是一种委托合同。并将意定监护合同制度与相关制度进行比较分析,以明晰意定监护合同的特殊性从而不能被其他相关制度所取代,而应作为一种新制度立于我国民事立法之中。通过对意定监护合同基本理论的论述,明确意定监护合同的基本构造与特别之处。第二章对英美法系和大陆法系国家关于意定监护合同制度的相关规定进行阐述并对各国的相关规定进行比较分析,结合我国的实际情况,总结出可供我国借鉴的经验。第三章落到我国意定监护合同制度的构建上。针对我国在此方面处于立法空白的状况,首先对意定监护合同的立法体例作出安排以及对作为指导思想的基本原则予以规定。意定监护合同作为特殊的合同类型,在遵循合同法的一般原理外,在合同生效、合同范围、合同权利义务等方面都存在特殊之处。并且为了保障合同所约定义务的履行和合同目的的实现,建立意定监督人的监督机制来保护被监护人的权益。笔者将对这些特殊之处进行论述,为构建我国的意定监护合同制度提供几点建议。
[Abstract]:The early adult guardianship system originated from Roman law. By the late 20th century, the adult guardianship system of developed countries was improved based on the aging social situation, and the determined guardianship system emerged as the times require. However, the development of the Italian guardianship system in China began in 2013 with the promulgation of the Law on the Protection of the Rights and interests of the elderly, which puts forward the way of "providing for the aged by agreement". The General principles of Civil Law, adopted on March 15, 2017, formally stipulate the system of guardianship. In our country's civil legislation, It is a great innovation to the traditional adult guardianship system of our country. However, throughout the current legislative situation, the system of compulsory guardianship in our country is only a general, principled provisions, and as an important content of the system of Italian guardianship contract in legislation is in blank areas. In view of this, the author puts forward the concrete conception of the system of the free guardianship contract in our country, so that it can be operated in practice. This article regards the basic theory of the system of contractual guardianship as the starting point. The first chapter analyzes the basic connotation and legal nature of the Italian guardianship contract, and clarifies that the essence of the Italian guardianship contract is a kind of entrustment contract. By comparing and analyzing the system of compulsory guardianship contract and related system, it is clear that the particularity of compulsory guardianship contract can not be replaced by other relevant systems, but should be set up as a new system in civil legislation of our country. Through the discussion of the basic theory of the free custody contract, this paper clarifies the basic structure and special features of the free guardianship contract. The second chapter expounds the relevant provisions of the system of guardianship contract in Anglo-American law system and civil law system, and makes a comparative analysis of the relevant provisions of each country. Combined with the actual situation of our country, it sums up the experience that can be used for reference by our country. The third chapter falls to the construction of the system of our country's compulsory guardianship contract. In view of the situation that our country is in the legislative blank in this aspect, first of all, we make arrangements for the legislative style of the contractual guardianship contract and stipulate the basic principles as the guiding ideology. As a special type of contract, there are some special points in the following aspects, such as following the general principles of contract law, contract validity, contract scope, contract rights and obligations, etc. In order to guarantee the performance of the contractual obligations and the realization of the purpose of the contract, the supervision mechanism of the determined supervisor is established to protect the rights and interests of the guardian. The author will discuss these special points and provide some suggestions for the construction of our country's system of contractual guardianship.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.1

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