论探望权的司法判定

发布时间：2018-05-11 05:36

本文选题：探望权 + 中止　；参考：《西南政法大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,离婚案件日益增多,涉及探望权纠纷的案件数量随之渐长。由于《中华人民共和国婚姻法》对探望权的规定不够具体和完善,导致实践中探望权的实现出现诸多困难。本文通过一个典型案例,分析探望权制度在实践中出现的问题,对比域外先进的立法及司法经验,对探望权进行分析,为探望权之司法判定及未来立法提供几点参考意见。主要包括以下内容:引言部分,通过李某甲与李某乙探望权纠纷一案,引出探望权制度在我国司法实践中出现的几个问题,进行相关文献梳理,梳理出当前的研究现状,分析该问题的研究意义和价值。第一部分,探望权的基本理论认知。从应然层面论述探望权所涉及到的基本理论知识,主要包括探望权的概念和特征、探望权的性质、探望权行使应当遵循的原则、探望权的功能和意义。第二部分,分析我国探望权运行之现状。从实然层面论述我国探望权立法现状、实践运行现状存在的不足。一是中止情形不明确,二是行使方式不具体,三是探望权保障制度的缺乏。第三部分,域外探望权立法情况之考察。比较分析域外先进的立法及司法经验,分别对探望权的限制、探望权的行使、探望权的制度保障三个方面进行比较分析,以冀取人之长补己之短。如美国的变更监护制度、精神损害赔偿制度,法国的“探望中心”的建立,等等。第四部分,完善探望权司法判定之路径分析。首先,探望权的中止,可借鉴台湾列举式立法,结合概括性立法加以完善。其次,探望权行使方式,可借鉴美国“以子女为中心的亲职时间指南”,探望方式的确定应考虑会面、网上视频聊天、信件来往等多种方式并存,探望时间的确定应关注寒暑假、春节、生日等特殊日子,子女年龄还应当成为确定探望权行使方式的考量因素。再次,探望权之保障,可通过加强疏导教育、引入变更监护制度、精神损害赔偿制度、完善第三方协助机制、增加探望权义务性规定等措施来完善。最后,回归案例,对该案例在现有法律规定下的处理作出分析,并提出完善建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, divorce cases are increasing, and the number of cases involving visitation right disputes is growing. Because the stipulation of visitation right in the Marriage Law of the people's Republic of China is not specific and perfect, there are many difficulties in the realization of visitation right in practice. Through a typical case, this paper analyzes the problems in the practice of visitation right system, compares the advanced legislation and judicial experience, analyzes visitation right, and provides some references for the judicial judgment and future legislation of visitation right. Mainly includes the following content: introduction part, through Li Mou Jia and Li Mou B visitation right dispute case, leads to several problems that the visitation right system appears in our country judicial practice, carries on the related literature combing, combs out the present research present situation. The research significance and value of this problem are analyzed. The first part, the basic theory cognition of visitation right. This paper discusses the basic theoretical knowledge involved in visitation right from the aspect of necessity, including the concept and characteristics of visitation right, the nature of visitation right, the principles to be followed in the exercise of visitation right, and the function and significance of visitation right. The second part, analyzes the present situation of visitation right in our country. This paper discusses the status quo of visitation right legislation and the deficiency of practice operation from the aspect of reality. One is the suspension is unclear, the other is the lack of specific ways of exercising, and the lack of the visitation right guarantee system. The third part is the investigation of the legislation of extraterritorial visitation right. This paper compares and analyzes the advanced legislation and judicial experience of foreign countries, and makes a comparative analysis of the restriction of visitation right, the exercise of visitation right and the system guarantee of visitation right in order to make up for the weakness of others. Such as the change of guardianship system in the United States, the system of compensation for moral damage, the establishment of visiting centres in France, and so on. The fourth part, perfect the path analysis of the judicial judgment of visitation right. First of all, the suspension of visitation rights can be improved by Taiwan's enumeration legislation and general legislation. Secondly, the exercise of visitation rights can be used for reference in the United States "child-centered parental time guide," the determination of visiting methods should consider meeting, online video chat, correspondence and other means co-exist. The determination of visiting time should pay attention to the special days such as winter and summer vacation, Spring Festival, birthday and so on. The age of children should also be the consideration factor of determining the way of exercising visitation right. Thirdly, the guarantee of visitation right can be improved by strengthening the guidance education, introducing the system of changing guardianship, the system of compensation for mental damage, perfecting the mechanism of third party assistance, increasing the stipulation of obligation of visitation right and so on. Finally, return to the case, the case under the existing legal provisions of the analysis, and put forward suggestions for improvement.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.9

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