论我国夫妻一方所负债务的认定

发布时间：2018-06-10 17:48

本文选题：夫妻一方所负债务 + 认定规则　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：现如今,社会经济的快速发展促使人们间的交易越发频繁,夫或妻因各自或共同的目的在婚姻存续期间内对第三人负债的情形也越来越多。因对这些债务的性质认定关系到多方利益,且我国现阶段对夫妻一方所负债务的规定又存在不足,这使得如何认定债务性质及均衡维护各方利益成为社会关注的话题。我国法律对夫或妻以个人名义所负债务的认定依据有三种:一是依据《婚姻法解释(二)》第24条的规定,只要发生在婚姻关系存续期间的一方所负债务,就推定为夫妻共同债务,即以时间为标准;二是依据《婚姻法》第41条的规定,以所负债务是否用于共同生活来判断债务性质,即以用途为标准;三是依据最高院答复的内容,依不同法律关系分别适用41条、24条,并在24条中增加证明债务未用于夫妻共同生活的情形。这三种规则的同时存在,使得法官在审理此类纠纷时,对于认定夫妻所负债务的性质因适用不同规则,易造成同案不同判的结果,引起各方当事人的不满,也损害了法院的公正与权威。虽然最高院针对上述问题做出的答复解决了各规则的适用冲突,平衡了夫妻间、夫妻与债权人间的利益,但答复在实践中没有被大量的适用,对问题的解决帮助甚少。而最高院最新公布施行的《婚姻法解释(二)的补充规定》(以下简称《补充规定》)在《婚姻法解释(二)》第24条的基础上又增加两款,分别作出了对虚假债务、非法债务不受法律保护的规定,可以说是对24条的修正,但这仍不能彻底的解决实践中的问题。本文首先从三个实际案例中总结出我国目前的审判实践中对夫妻一方所负债务认定的争议问题,并审视在司法实践中关于夫妻一方所负债务的认定现状;然后分别对这些争议问题进行详细的阐述;最后是对我国夫妻一方所负债务认定规则的立法完善提出建议。分别从明确认定规则与夫妻共同债务范围、建立日常家事代理制度、合理分配举证责任等方面进一步完善夫妻一方所负债务认定的体系结构。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the rapid development of social economy has prompted more frequent transactions among people, and more and more liabilities of the husband or wife in the duration of marriage for their own or common purposes are also more and more. Foot, this makes it a topic of social concern how to identify the nature of the debt and maintain the interests of the parties in a balanced way. There are three ways to identify the debts of the husband or wife in the name of the individual. One is based on the provisions of the marriage law (two) and twenty-fourth. The common debt is the standard of time; two is according to the provisions of the marriage law forty-first, whether the debt is used for common life to judge the nature of the debt, that is, the use is the standard, and the three is according to the content of the highest hospital's reply, 41 articles and 24 articles are applied according to the different legal relations, and the increase of the 24 is proved that the debt is not used for the common life of the husband and wife. The existence of the three rules makes the judges in the trial of such disputes, the nature of the determination of the nature of the debts of the husband and wife, the result of the application of different rules, the result of the different judgments of the same case, the dissatisfaction of the parties, and the justice and authority of the court. The applicable conflict of the rules has balanced the interests between husband and wife, husband and wife and the creditor, but the reply has not been widely applied in practice and has little help to solve the problem. And the most newly announced implementation of the supplementary provisions of the marriage law interpretation (two) (hereinafter referred to as < supplementary regulation >) is based on the marriage law interpretation (two) > twenty-fourth. In addition, two sections are added, and the provisions on the false debt and the illegal debt are not protected by law. It can be said to be the amendment to the 24 article, but this still can not solve the problems in practice thoroughly. First, this paper summarizes the controversial issues concerning the determination of the debts of the husband's wife in the current trial practice of our country from three practical cases and examines the issue of the disputed issue of the debts of the husband's wife. In the judicial practice, the present status of the debts of the one party of the husband and wife is identified; then the disputes are expounded in detail. Finally, the legislative perfection of the rules for the determination of the debts of the one side of the husband and wife of our country is put forward. The burden of proof and other aspects further improve the system of debt determination for the husband and wife.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.9

【参考文献】