论新中国成立初期中国妇女地位的提高
发布时间：2018-07-26 08:56
【摘要】： 新中国的成立，揭开了中国妇女解放运动的新纪元。从1949年中华人民共和国成立到1956年社会主义改造基本完成的7年，中国妇女地位发生了前所未有的巨变，出现了一个历史性的飞跃。对新中国初期中国妇女的解放运动进行探讨，对其社会地位的巨变和飞跃进行分析，，从中吸取经验教训，对今天的女性解放运动无疑具有十分深远的意义。本文拟分六个部分对这一问题进行探讨。 第一部分：《婚姻法》确立了广大妇女在婚姻家庭中的平等地位。 这一部分以《婚姻法》的颁布为分界线，从两个方面对中国妇女婚姻状况进行对比研究。第一，对旧中国妇女的婚姻状况进行概述。第二，论述新中国成立初期尤其是《婚姻法》颁布以后，广大妇女在党和政府的领导下，走上了争取婚姻自由的道路，初步完成了在婚姻家庭中地位角色的转化。 第二部分：参加生产劳动使广大妇女获得了经济独立权。 新中国成立初期，广大城乡妇女开始走出家庭，广泛地参加社会活动和生产劳动。土地改革、农业社会主义改造的兴起不仅使广大农村妇女获得了一定的生产资料，同时也赋予了她们与男子平等进行生产劳动的权利。城市女工则在各行各业发挥她们的聪明才智，在对社会做出贡献的同时，获得了经济权利。 第三部分：妇女参政成为新社会的主人。 《选举法》使新中国妇女获得了选举权与被选举权，她们不再被排斥在政治生活之外。通过1953年的普选，一些优秀的妇女走上政坛，同男子同堂议政。此外，广大妇女还参加了建国初期的抗美援朝、“三反”、“五反”等政治运动，并在这些运动中做出了贡献，从而使政治地位得到了提高。 第四部分：社会教育与正规教育使妇女自身素质不断提高。 新中国成立初期，党和政府实行社会教育与正规教育同时并举的措施。社会教育使广大妇女尤其是成年妇女摆脱了文盲状态；正规教育则为女性 的全面发展提供了良好条件。这一切，促进了妇女文化素养的全面提高。 第五部分:妇幼卫生保健工作促进了妇女的身心健康。 新法接生的开展，首先保障了妇女的生育安全。各种妇幼卫生保健机 构的建立，使妇女的身心健康得到了切实的保证n 第六部分:新中国成立初期中国妇女地位提高的原因、经验及妇女解 放运动的特点。 这一部分在对以上五个部分进行总结的基础上，分析了新中国成立初 期中国妇女地位提高的原因、经验及妇女解放运动的特点。 最后对全文进行了总结:新中国初期，中国妇女的解放运动取得了前 所未有的成就，实现了质的飞跃。然而，妇女解放是一个长期的历史过程， 由于历史和现实的原因，广大妇女的社会地位虽然在总的方面有了长足进 步，但依然存在着许多问题。两性平等还未真正实现。尽管如此，新中国 成立初期中国妇女的解放运动所取得的成就还是为以后的妇女解放运动的 深入奠定了基础，其影响是深远的，在中国妇女解放史上的作用是功不一可 没的。
[Abstract]:The founding of new China opened a new era of the Chinese women's liberation movement. From the founding of People's Republic of China in 1949 to the 7 years of the basic completion of socialist transformation in 1956, the status of Chinese women has undergone unprecedented changes and a historic leap. The great changes and leaps of social status and the lessons learned from it are of great significance to today's women's liberation movement. This paper is to be divided into six parts to discuss this problem.
The first part: < marriage law > establishes the equal status of women in marriage and family.
This part makes a comparative study on the marital status of Chinese women from two aspects. First, the marriage status of old Chinese women is summarized. Second, after the introduction of the early founding of new China, especially after the promulgation of the marriage law, the majority of women, under the leadership of the party and the government, have embarked on the freedom of marriage. The road has initially completed the transformation of status and role in marriage and family.
The second part: participation in productive labor has enabled women to gain the right to economic independence.
In the early days of the founding of new China, women in urban and rural areas began to go out of their families and widely participated in social activities and productive labor. Land reform, the rise of agricultural socialist transformation not only made the vast rural women obtain certain production materials, but also gave them equal rights to work with men. Each industry exerts their intelligence and intelligence, and has gained economic rights while contributing to society.
The third part: Women's participation in politics has become the master of the new society.
The electoral law makes the women of new China the right to vote and the right to vote. They are no longer excluded from political life. Through the general election of 1953, some excellent women go to politics and talk with men in politics. In addition, the majority of women also participate in the political movements such as the anti American aggression and aid Dynasty, "three anti", "five anti" and so on in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. The political status has been improved by making contributions in sports.
The fourth part: social education and formal education constantly improve women's quality.
In the early days of the founding of new China, the party and the government carried out the measures of both social and formal education. Social education made women, especially adult women, get rid of illiteracy; regular education was women.
The overall development provides good conditions, all of which promote the comprehensive improvement of women's cultural literacy.
The fifth part: maternal and child health care work has promoted women's physical and mental health.
The birth of the new method guarantees the safety of women's birth.
The establishment of the constitution ensured the physical and mental health of women n.
The sixth part: the reasons, experience and women's solution of the improvement of the status of Chinese women in the early days of new China.
The characteristics of movement.
On the basis of summarizing the above five parts, this part analyzes the beginning of the founding of new China.
The reasons, experience and characteristics of the women's liberation movement are the reasons for the improvement of the status of Chinese women.
Finally, the paper concludes: in the early days of new China, the liberation movement of women in China was achieved.
However, women's emancipation is a long historical process.
Due to historical and realistic reasons, the social status of women has made great progress in general.
Step by step, but there are still many problems. Gender equality has not yet been realized. Nevertheless, new China
In the early days of the founding of the Chinese people's liberation movement, the achievements of the women's liberation movement were still for the future women's liberation movement.
The foundation has been laid in depth, its influence is far-reaching, and its role in the history of Chinese women's liberation is varied.
No, no.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：K27;D442.9
本文编号：2145500
[Abstract]:The founding of new China opened a new era of the Chinese women's liberation movement. From the founding of People's Republic of China in 1949 to the 7 years of the basic completion of socialist transformation in 1956, the status of Chinese women has undergone unprecedented changes and a historic leap. The great changes and leaps of social status and the lessons learned from it are of great significance to today's women's liberation movement. This paper is to be divided into six parts to discuss this problem.
The first part: < marriage law > establishes the equal status of women in marriage and family.
This part makes a comparative study on the marital status of Chinese women from two aspects. First, the marriage status of old Chinese women is summarized. Second, after the introduction of the early founding of new China, especially after the promulgation of the marriage law, the majority of women, under the leadership of the party and the government, have embarked on the freedom of marriage. The road has initially completed the transformation of status and role in marriage and family.
The second part: participation in productive labor has enabled women to gain the right to economic independence.
In the early days of the founding of new China, women in urban and rural areas began to go out of their families and widely participated in social activities and productive labor. Land reform, the rise of agricultural socialist transformation not only made the vast rural women obtain certain production materials, but also gave them equal rights to work with men. Each industry exerts their intelligence and intelligence, and has gained economic rights while contributing to society.
The third part: Women's participation in politics has become the master of the new society.
The electoral law makes the women of new China the right to vote and the right to vote. They are no longer excluded from political life. Through the general election of 1953, some excellent women go to politics and talk with men in politics. In addition, the majority of women also participate in the political movements such as the anti American aggression and aid Dynasty, "three anti", "five anti" and so on in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. The political status has been improved by making contributions in sports.
The fourth part: social education and formal education constantly improve women's quality.
In the early days of the founding of new China, the party and the government carried out the measures of both social and formal education. Social education made women, especially adult women, get rid of illiteracy; regular education was women.
The overall development provides good conditions, all of which promote the comprehensive improvement of women's cultural literacy.
The fifth part: maternal and child health care work has promoted women's physical and mental health.
The birth of the new method guarantees the safety of women's birth.
The establishment of the constitution ensured the physical and mental health of women n.
The sixth part: the reasons, experience and women's solution of the improvement of the status of Chinese women in the early days of new China.
The characteristics of movement.
On the basis of summarizing the above five parts, this part analyzes the beginning of the founding of new China.
The reasons, experience and characteristics of the women's liberation movement are the reasons for the improvement of the status of Chinese women.
Finally, the paper concludes: in the early days of new China, the liberation movement of women in China was achieved.
However, women's emancipation is a long historical process.
Due to historical and realistic reasons, the social status of women has made great progress in general.
Step by step, but there are still many problems. Gender equality has not yet been realized. Nevertheless, new China
In the early days of the founding of the Chinese people's liberation movement, the achievements of the women's liberation movement were still for the future women's liberation movement.
The foundation has been laid in depth, its influence is far-reaching, and its role in the history of Chinese women's liberation is varied.
No, no.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：K27;D442.9
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 李从娜;;近10年来建国初期中国妇女史研究综述[J];北京党史;2006年02期
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 李从娜;1950年代湖北妇女健康事业探析[D];华中师范大学;2007年
2 葛世涛;新婚姻法与建国初期妇女婚姻家庭研究[D];广西师范大学;2006年
本文编号：2145500
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