公序良俗原则在遗赠纠纷案件中的裁量
发布时间：2018-10-10 14:51
【摘要】：民法基本原则是民事法律制度的根本指导思想，其效力贯穿于所有民事活动的始终。民法基本原则具有克服成文法的局限性、弥补法律滞后性的功能。在司法实践中，直接适用民法基本原则判处案件的比例有所提高，而这其中“公序良俗”原则的直接适用也成为了一个社会关注的热点。公序良俗是民法体系中重要的一项原则，，在大陆法系中占有重要地位。但我国民法体系中并没有对公序良俗进行明确的界定，致使这一概念的定位、考量、适用标准都存在较大差异，进而造成在司法实践中的不确定性。公序良俗的实质是对当事人意识自治的限制，在我国司法实践中，该限制集中体现在遗赠领域，如泸州遗赠案、广西二奶案等，最终目的是确定遗赠行为的效力。这类案件与婚姻法、继承法相关法律存在交织，适用公序良俗限定使当事人自治无效的标准、依据、尺度应如何把握？目前尚未有一个明确的标准，完全靠法官的自由裁量，这使得同案不同判的现象比较普遍。笔者力图通过案例对比分析，从学理及实践角度对公序良俗在遗赠纠纷中的裁量问题进行分析，旨在寻求一种在遗赠案件中对公序良俗限定标准的界定或者一种审理思路，使该原则的适用更加理性合理，具有相对的操作性。
[Abstract]:The basic principle of civil law is the basic guiding ideology of civil law system, and its effect runs through all civil activities. The basic principles of civil law have the function of overcoming the limitation of statutory law and making up for the lag of law. In judicial practice, the proportion of cases directly applied to the basic principles of civil law has been increased, and the direct application of the principle of "public order and good custom" has become a hot spot of social concern. Public order and good custom is an important principle in the civil law system and plays an important role in the civil law system. However, there is no clear definition of public order and good custom in the civil law system of our country, which leads to great differences in the orientation, consideration and applicable standards of this concept, which leads to uncertainty in judicial practice. The essence of public order and good custom is to restrict the party's consciousness autonomy. In the judicial practice of our country, the restriction is concentrated in the field of bequest, such as Luzhou bequest case, Guangxi second wife case and so on, and the ultimate purpose is to determine the effect of bequest behavior. This kind of case is intertwined with the marriage law and the law of inheritance. How should we grasp the criterion of applying public order and good custom to limit the invalidation of party autonomy? At present, there is no clear standard, which depends entirely on the discretion of the judge, which makes the phenomenon of different judgments in the same case more common. Through the comparative analysis of cases, the author tries to analyze the discretion of public order and good custom in legacy disputes from the point of view of theory and practice, in order to seek a definition of the standard of public order and good custom in legacy cases or a way to try it. Make the application of this principle more rational and reasonable, have relative operability.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923
本文编号：2262193
[Abstract]:The basic principle of civil law is the basic guiding ideology of civil law system, and its effect runs through all civil activities. The basic principles of civil law have the function of overcoming the limitation of statutory law and making up for the lag of law. In judicial practice, the proportion of cases directly applied to the basic principles of civil law has been increased, and the direct application of the principle of "public order and good custom" has become a hot spot of social concern. Public order and good custom is an important principle in the civil law system and plays an important role in the civil law system. However, there is no clear definition of public order and good custom in the civil law system of our country, which leads to great differences in the orientation, consideration and applicable standards of this concept, which leads to uncertainty in judicial practice. The essence of public order and good custom is to restrict the party's consciousness autonomy. In the judicial practice of our country, the restriction is concentrated in the field of bequest, such as Luzhou bequest case, Guangxi second wife case and so on, and the ultimate purpose is to determine the effect of bequest behavior. This kind of case is intertwined with the marriage law and the law of inheritance. How should we grasp the criterion of applying public order and good custom to limit the invalidation of party autonomy? At present, there is no clear standard, which depends entirely on the discretion of the judge, which makes the phenomenon of different judgments in the same case more common. Through the comparative analysis of cases, the author tries to analyze the discretion of public order and good custom in legacy disputes from the point of view of theory and practice, in order to seek a definition of the standard of public order and good custom in legacy cases or a way to try it. Make the application of this principle more rational and reasonable, have relative operability.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923
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