行政垄断的经济学分析:根源、损失及破除

发布时间：2018-01-14 05:18

本文关键词：行政垄断的经济学分析:根源、损失及破除　出处：《深圳大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2015年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：经济垄断并不必然限制和排斥竞争,相反,在某种情况下,经济垄断还可能促进竞争的进一步扩展,并将竞争引向高级化。然而在行政垄断与市场竞争之间,找不到经济垄断与市场竞争这样的合题,行政垄断必将导致资源配置的低效率。规制经济学视角下,行政垄断根源于利益集团按自身利益最大化原则的博弈;制度经济学视角下,行政垄断根源于中国国有产权渐进变迁的路径依赖和交易成本的合理化安排。行政垄断与经济垄断一样,两者均会造成净剩余和"X-低效率"的一般损失,除此之外,在实践中,行政垄断还会造成相对于经济垄断的额外损失,包括妨碍经济自由、引致过度竞争、并发弱技术创新以及催生寻租等。降低或破除行政垄断,需要实现从行政主导到市场主导、从政企职能合一到分离、从行政垄断豁免到破除、从政治体制守旧到创新的转变。
[Abstract]:Economic monopoly does not necessarily limit and exclude competition, on the contrary, under certain circumstances, economic monopoly may also promote the further expansion of competition and lead competition to a higher level. However, between administrative monopoly and market competition. If we can't find the combination of economic monopoly and market competition, administrative monopoly will inevitably lead to low efficiency of resource allocation. From the perspective of regulatory economics, administrative monopoly is rooted in the game of interest groups according to the principle of maximizing their own interests. From the perspective of institutional economics, administrative monopoly is rooted in the path dependence of the gradual change of state-owned property rights in China and the reasonable arrangement of transaction costs. Administrative monopoly is the same as economic monopoly. Both will result in net surplus and general loss of "X- inefficiency". In addition, in practice, administrative monopoly will also cause additional losses relative to economic monopoly, including obstructing economic freedom and causing excessive competition. In order to reduce or break administrative monopoly, we need to realize from administrative leading to market leading, from the integration of government and enterprise functions to separation, from administrative monopoly exemption to break up. The transition from a conservative political system to an innovative one.
【作者单位】：东莞理工学院城市学院;深圳大学经济学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“经济特区转型与中国模式研究”(项目号13JJD790043)
【分类号】：D922.294
【正文快照】： 一、引言垄断形成的根本原因是市场存在进入壁垒。市场进入壁垒可分为经济性壁垒和行政性壁垒两种,前者对应经济垄断,后者对应行政垄断。市场经济性壁垒主要有:某些行业存在的规模经济(自然垄断);因技术专利或产品秘方而形成的技术壁垒;对某种生产资源的独占形成的资源壁垒;拥

【参考文献】