公司对外担保的法律效力研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 14:08

本文关键词：公司对外担保的法律效力研究　出处：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：公司对外担保效力问题一直是司法界和实务界争议不断的问题。原因在于作为唯一规定公司对外担保问题的《公司法》第16条及其之后的司法解释并没有明确规定违规对外担保合同的效力认定问题,这就需要法官在司法实践中对《公司法》第16条进行解释,但是释法的过程会带有法官明显的个人色彩,再加上对外担保合同的效力认定影响因素较多,这就导致了现实生活中“同案异判”的情形时有发生。毫无疑问这样会极大地影响司法的公信力和经济主体开展正常的经营活动。司法裁判者在判决对外担保合同效力时往往先会根据自己的法学知识和素养判断《公司法》第16条的规范属性,那么规范属性的判断就与对外担保合同的效力紧密的联系在了一起。在市场经济越来越发达的今天,对外担保已经变得越来越普遍。公司对外担保是公司以自己的财产偿还他人债务的行为,表面上看与商事行为的目的盈利即赚取利润背道而驰,但其行为背后的利弊却鲜有人知。带着这些问题,本文作者首先分析了对外担保合同的内涵及其利弊,并指出本文所研究的公司担保问题主要是公司对外担保的问题,对内担保因其法律风险较小和法律争议不大而不是本文主要的研究问题。其次,本文作者试图解读不同时期公司法就对外担保问题的立法规定,以探究不同时期立法者的立法目的和立法态度。紧接着,作者比较了域外大陆法系和英美法系国家在对外担保问题上的态度以期对我国对外担保制度提供有益借鉴。在此基础上,作者将本文的重点放在了《公司法》16条规范属性的探讨以及影响公司对外担保合同效力认定的问题分析上,最后提出了自己的法律意见和建议。鉴于此,本文作者通过正文五章来详细论述司法实务界和理论界在公司对外担保问题上存在的争议并提出本文作者自己的观点。
[Abstract]:The validity of the company's foreign guarantee has always been a controversial issue in the judicial and practical circles. The reason is that article 16 of the company law and its subsequent judicial interpretation are not clear. The determination of the validity of the foreign guarantee contract in violation of the regulations. This requires the judge to interpret Article 16 of the Company Law in judicial practice, but the process of interpretation will have an obvious personal color of the judge, plus the foreign guarantee contract of the effectiveness of the more influential factors. This has led to a "different verdict" in real life. There is no doubt that this will greatly affect the credibility of the judiciary and economic subjects to carry out normal business activities. Judge the normative attribute of Article 16 of Company Law. So the judgment of normative attributes is closely related to the effectiveness of the external guarantee contract. Today, the market economy is more and more developed. External guarantee has become more and more common. External guarantee is the behavior of company to repay other people's debts with its own property. On the face of it, it is contrary to the purpose of commercial behavior to make profits. However, the advantages and disadvantages behind the behavior are rarely known. With these problems, the author first analyzes the connotation of the external guarantee contract and its advantages and disadvantages. It also points out that the company guarantee problem studied in this paper is mainly the issue of the company's external guarantee, and the internal guarantee is not the main research problem of this article because of its small legal risk and little legal dispute. The author tries to interpret the legislative provisions of the Company Law on the issue of foreign guarantee in different periods in order to explore the legislative purpose and legislative attitude of legislators in different periods. The author compares the attitude of the countries of the civil law system and the common law system on the issue of foreign guarantee in order to provide a useful reference for the foreign guarantee system of our country. The author focuses on the discussion of the 16 normative attributes of Company Law and the analysis of the problems affecting the validity of the company's foreign guarantee contract. Finally, the author puts forward his own legal opinions and suggestions, in view of this. Through the five chapters of the text, the author discusses in detail the disputes existing in the field of judicial practice and the theoretical circle on the issue of the company's external guarantee, and puts forward the author's own point of view.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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