海上保险除外责任研究

发布时间：2018-01-22 05:10

本文关键词： 除外责任因果关系承保风险冲突　出处：《大连海事大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：海上保险中除外责任如同海上保险人的盾牌,它与从正面直接做出规定的承保风险共同决定保险人承保的范围,对于认定保险人的保险责任具有十分重要的意义。在除外责任条款有效的前提下,海上保险人如何在发生合同纠纷时成功发挥除外责任的作用可能成为影响最终保险理赔的关键。本文主要以中英等国的立法和司法实践为依据,结合海商法和保险法的相关理论,从海上保险除外责任的本身条件与外部关系两方面入手,探讨海上保险除外责任在判断损失发生原因以及认定保险人的保险责任的过程中究竟如何发挥作用的问题。本文包括四个部分的内容。第一部分是对海上保险除外责任的概述,包括海上保险除外责任相比一般保险除外责任的特殊性、除外责任与其他类似概念的区分、除外责任的分类及表现形式等,主要是为了界定作为本文研究对象的海上保险除外责任的概念和范围。第二部分是对海上保险除外责任本身的剖析,主要着眼于除外事项与损失之间的因果关系问题,回答是否所有除外责任都要适用因果关系原则、什么类型的除外责任才应适用以及具体应当适用怎样的因果关系的系列问题；本文从立法规定及合同约定两部分予以分析,目的是为了挖掘出除外责任本身包含的除外事项以及因果关系的两方面信息,使保险人能够明确援引除外责任所需的条件。第三部分是对除外责任的外部关系,主要是与承保风险之间关系的探讨,关注它与承保风险之间可能产生的冲突以及会给保险责任认定带来的困境,其中包括海上保险合同中两类条款之间的范围冲突以及在司法实践中适用因果关系时产生的冲突,本文通过案例和理论分析,论述不同情形下冲突发生的本质,并寻找合理的解决方式。第四部分,结合上文论述得出的结论,对国外相关问题的理论和实践做适当的总结,并对中国立法和实务在海上保险除外责任问题上的缺陷提出建设性的意见。
[Abstract]:The exclusionary liability in marine insurance is like the shield of the marine insurer. It determines the scope of the insurer's insurance together with the direct underwriting risk which is made directly from the positive side. It is of great significance to determine the insurer's insurance liability. How to successfully play the role of excluding liability in the event of contract disputes may become the key to affect the final insurance claims. This paper is mainly based on the legislation and judicial practice of China and Britain. Combined with the relevant theories of maritime law and insurance law, from the marine insurance exception liability itself conditions and external relations two aspects. This paper discusses how to play the role of marine insurance exclusions in the process of judging the cause of loss and determining the insurer's insurance liability. This paper includes four parts. The first part is about the exception of marine insurance. An overview of external responsibilities. It includes the particularity of exception liability of marine insurance compared with that of general insurance, the distinction between exception liability and other similar concepts, the classification and manifestation of exception liability and so on. The main purpose of this paper is to define the concept and scope of marine insurance exclusion liability. The second part is the analysis of marine insurance exclusion liability itself. Focusing mainly on the question of causality between exclusions and losses, the answer is whether the principle of causality applies to all exclusions. What types of exclusions should be applied and specifically what the causal relationship should be; The purpose of this paper is to find out the exclusions and the causality of exclusions from the two parts of legislation and contract. The third part is about the external relationship between exclusion liability and the risk of insurance. Pay attention to the possible conflict between it and the insured risk and the dilemma that will bring to the insurance liability determination. Including the scope conflict between the two kinds of clauses in marine insurance contract and the conflict when applying causality in judicial practice, this paper discusses the essence of conflict in different situations through case and theoretical analysis. And to find a reasonable solution. 4th part, combined with the conclusions discussed above, the theory and practice of the relevant issues abroad to make an appropriate summary. It also puts forward constructive suggestions on the defects of Chinese legislation and practice in marine insurance exclusions.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.294

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