论注册资本认购制下的公司债权人保护

发布时间：2018-02-02 02:13

本文关键词： 救济制注册资本认购制债权人保护　出处：《中央民族大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《公司法》设立的目的是为了维护股东以及债权人和公司的合法利益。所以随着世界立法环境的变化,我国市场经济的发展以及公司运营方式和种类的多样化,为了解决现实中出现的各种问题,我国《公司法》自1993年制定以来处于不断完善和变革中。我国公司法共经过二次大的变革,第一次是2005年变革。2005年《公司法》降低了注册资本限额并且规定了可以对出资进行分期缴纳,但对于期限做了规定。这次改革改变了我国严格的注册资本制,体现出了立法理念的转变,轻资本信用重资产信用,轻行政指导重公司自治,轻只重视“安全”重“安全”与“效率”并衡。但是我们不得不注意到这样的话对于债权人保护是弱化的。而接下来2013年的改革更是大刀阔斧,直接取消了最低限额而且连缴纳期限都不作规定了。从2005年的比较缓和折衷授权资本制直接进入到了完全的授权资本制。但是我国现在信用体系还不完善,关于债权人保护的相关立法要么是不完善要么是还没建立以来,所以说在保护债权人利益的保护方面可以说是存在着短板,如果不及时的予以完善,对于我国经济的发展必然也是一大阻碍。由于2013年《公司法》改革的范围比较广,所以无法一一具体做出自己的评价。所以此文主要是针对现行股份有限公司的认购资本制下的债权人保护来进行探讨。本文一共分四章。第一章是介绍了注册资本认购制和债权人保护。对于资本认购制主要是从它的基础概念注册资本的介绍开始,对于注册资本说明了它的概念并对注册资本的分类以及作用做了介绍。接下来阐明了注册资本认购制的含义,并分析了注册资本认购制的积极意义和消极意义。对于债权人保护的介绍,首先是阐明了债权人利益保护的必要性,接着对于注册资本认购制下债权人利益保护会存在的风险。第二章介绍了我国的注册认购制制的沿革。首先对我国注册资本制的立法沿革进行介绍,然后说明了我国现行注册资本认购制的立法现状,接下来从两个方面对我国现行注册资本认购制保护债权人利益的问题。一是缺乏保护债权人知情权的相关机制另一个是缺乏保护债权人利益的救济机制。第三章介绍了与我国现行注册资本认购制相似的美国相关保护债权人方面的立法。美国一直以来注重信用社会的建设经验和在公司法中对于法人人格否认制,股款收缴制,董事勤勉义务的方面细致完善的规定使得美国经济迅速发展,一直位于世界前列。所以说美国的注册资本认购制真正实现了其最大的效能。我国与美国的立法规定比较相似,所以说美国公司法给我国的立法以启示。第四章是对我国现行注册资本认购制下债权人利益保护机制的建立。借鉴美。国的经验并结合我国实际在债权人知情权机制和债权人保护的救济机制提出了立法建议。
[Abstract]:The purpose of "Company Law" is to protect the legitimate interests of shareholders, creditors and companies. Therefore, with the change of the world legislative environment, the development of market economy and the diversification of the way and type of company operation in China. In order to solve the problems in reality, the Company Law of our country has been in the process of continuous improvement and reform since it was formulated in 1993. The company law of our country has undergone two major changes. The first was the 2005 change. In 2005, the Company Law lowered the registered capital limit and stipulated that the capital contribution could be paid in instalments. This reform changed the strict registered capital system of our country, reflected the change of legislation idea, light capital credit and assets credit, less administration guidance and company autonomy. Less emphasis is placed on "safety" than on "efficiency". But we have to note that this is a weakening of creditor protection, and the reforms that followed in 2013 were even more radical. The minimum limit has been abolished directly and the deadline for payment has not been stipulated. From the relatively moderate compromise on 2005, the authorized capital system has entered directly into the full authorized capital system. However, the credit system of our country is not yet perfect. . The relevant legislation on the protection of creditors is either imperfect or has not been established, so in the protection of the interests of creditors can be said that there are shortcomings, if not timely to improve. In 2013, the scope of the reform of the Company Law is relatively wide. So can not make their own evaluation one by one. So this article is mainly about the creditor protection under the subscription capital system of the existing joint stock limited company. This text is divided into four chapters altogether. The first chapter is to introduce the registered capital. This subscription system and creditor protection. Capital subscription system is mainly from its basic concept of registered capital introduction. It explains the concept of registered capital and introduces the classification and function of registered capital. Then it clarifies the meaning of the system of registered capital subscription. And analyzes the positive and negative significance of the system of registered capital subscription. The introduction of creditor protection, the first is to clarify the necessity of the protection of creditors' interests. The second chapter introduces the evolution of the registered subscription system in China. Firstly, it introduces the legislative evolution of the registered capital system in China. Then it explains the current legislation status of registered capital subscription system in China. There are two problems in protecting creditors' interests from two aspects: one is the lack of relevant mechanism to protect creditors' right to know and the other is the lack of relief mechanism to protect creditors' interests. This paper introduces the legislation on creditor protection in the United States, which is similar to the current registered capital subscription system in China. The United States has always paid attention to the construction experience of credit unions and the denial of corporate personality in the company law. The system of stock collection and the meticulous and perfect regulations of directors' diligence and obligation made the American economy develop rapidly. It has always been in the forefront of the world. Therefore, the registered capital subscription system in the United States has really realized its maximum efficiency. The legislative provisions of our country and the United States are quite similar. Chapter 4th is the establishment of the creditor's interest protection mechanism under the current registered capital subscription system in our country. Learn from the experience of u. S. A. And combine our country's actual right to know in the creditor's right to know. The mechanism and the relief mechanism of creditor protection put forward legislative suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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