出租汽车行业特许经营权法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 13:38

本文关键词： 特许经营公平正义普通许可　出处：《内蒙古大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：出租汽车作为城市交通的组成部分,与其他公共交通相比,具有更加便捷、私密、灵活的优点,使公众出行有了更为丰富的选择。截至2013年底全国出租汽车总量为134万辆,出租汽车公司总共是8000余家,司机总计有260多万人。但最近几年,出租汽车行业却成为一个利益极度扭曲,社会矛盾频发的不稳定行业。仅2015年1至2月,江苏南京、辽宁沈阳、江西瑞金等地就接连不断爆发多起出租汽车司机罢工停运的群体性事件。各地政府部门虽然经过百般努力,使这些事件得到表面性的平息,但涉及到出租汽车行业本质性的问题却并未得到实质地解决。出租汽车行业可以获取可观的经济收益,但如果存在畸形的利润分配制度,就会形成各类行业矛盾并在政府、出租汽车公司、司机和乘客之间相互作用,使矛盾持续激烈化、扩大化、公开化,对出租汽车行业正常的营运秩序造成恶劣影响,最终导致群体性事件,这些矛盾持续升级是出租汽车行业之所以会有罢工停运事件不断爆发的主要原因。而激化出租汽车行业各种矛盾的根本原因,是由于目前在全国各地公司或个人必须通过政府特别许可的方式才能获得出租汽车经营权,但是政府在规章级别的立法上,对个人申请出租汽车经营权设置了极为苛刻的条件,基本等同于禁止个人踏入该行业。在国家级别的立法上,这种无法彰显公平正义法理价值的特别许可制度,到目前为止并没有法律或法规予以更正,所以就会导致出租汽车行业无法根治的顽疾,罢工停运。因此,正确解决出租汽车行业的特许经营权之问题,乃是化解其他一切矛盾和纠纷之前提。笔者以出租汽车行业经营权为核心,围绕与其有关的法律问题进行逐项分析,认真研究出租汽车经营权必须以特别许可方式才能获得,所引发的一系列出租汽车行业之负面影响,进而凭借对该行业的特许经营权法律问题之探究与论述,期望能够给出租汽车行业目前无法摆脱的困境以一定程度上的帮助。
[Abstract]:As a part of urban traffic, taxi has more convenient, private and flexible advantages than other public transport. As of end of 2013, the total number of taxis in China was 1.34 million. There are more than 8,000 taxi companies and more than 2.6 million drivers. But in recent years, the taxi industry has become an unstable industry with extremely distorted interests and frequent social conflicts. From 2015 to February, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, Liaoning, Shenyang, Ruijin, Jiangxi, and other places have repeatedly erupted a number of mass incidents in which taxi drivers went on strike and stopped operations. Although the local government departments have made every effort to make these incidents appear to have subsided, However, the problem concerning the essence of the taxi industry has not been solved substantially. The taxi industry can obtain considerable economic benefits, but if there is an abnormal profit distribution system, there will be contradictions in all kinds of industries and in the government. The interaction between taxi companies, drivers and passengers has made the conflicts continue to become more intense, expanded and made public, which have a bad impact on the normal operating order of the taxi industry and eventually lead to mass incidents. The continuous escalation of these contradictions is the main reason why the taxi industry continues to have strikes and outages, and the root cause of the intensification of various contradictions in the taxi industry. It is because companies or individuals in various parts of the country are currently required to obtain the right to operate taxis by way of special permission from the government. However, the government has set extremely harsh conditions for individuals to apply for the right to operate taxis in terms of legislation at the regulatory level. Basically equivalent to prohibiting individuals from entering the industry. In national legislation, this special licensing system, which does not reflect the legal value of fairness and justice, has so far not been corrected by any laws or regulations. As a result, it will lead to the stubborn illness that the taxi industry cannot cure once and for all, and the strike will be suspended. Therefore, the issue of the franchise of the taxi industry should be solved correctly. It is the premise of resolving all other contradictions and disputes. The author takes the management right of taxi industry as the core, analyzes the legal problems related to it one by one, and studies the operation right of taxi in the form of special permission. A series of negative effects caused by the taxi industry, and then on the basis of the exploration and discussion of the legal issues of the franchise right of the taxi industry, it is hoped that it can help the taxi industry to a certain extent in the difficult position that it cannot get rid of at present.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.296

【共引文献】