农村土地信托受托人法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 01:25

本文关键词： 土地信托受托人经营土地信托中介组织限定责任　出处：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以我国现有的农村土地信托制度为基础,以农村土地信托受托人法律制度研究为标题,以农村土地信托受托人的资格确定、权利、义务、法律责任为主要内容展开研究,在论述过程中采用比较研究法,对比我国农村土地信托受托人制度和国外农村土地信托受托人制度的不同,反映出我国农村土地信托受托人制度的不足,借鉴其他国家的成熟制度体系,完善我国农村土地信托受托人制度,为农村土地信托流转的发展提供助力。全文共分四部分。引言部分介绍本文的选题背景、国内外学者对农村土地信托受托人制度研究的文献综述,以及本文的主要内容和研究方法。正文第一部分对农村土地信托受托人的相关概念由大到小层层推进展开阐述,包括农村土地流转的概念、信托的概念、农村土地信托流转的概念以及农村土地信托受托人的概念。分析完重要概念,又展开阐述了受托人的资格与类型。农村土地信托受托人资格分为一般资格和特殊资格,一般资格是指作为民事法律关系主体的资格即要求土地信托受托人具备完全民事行为能力,而特殊资格则是指对于担任农村土地信托受托人的法律主体专业上的资质要求。农村土地信托受托人的类型学理上主要分为三类:1.自然人受托人与法人受托人。2.民事受托人与商事受托人。3.初始受托人与后继受托人。第二部分是农村土地信托受托人制度的主要内容,全面分析了农村土地信托受托人的权利、义务和责任。农村土地信托受托人的权利包括经营农村信托土地的权利、取得报酬权、取得补偿权、辞任权。与其他类型的信托受托人最大的不同之处在于农村土地信托受托人经营土地的权利。农村土地信托流转中,土地经营权作为信托标的,受托人的首要任务自然是依照信托合同经营农村土地并获得收益。农村土地信托受托人的义务比较多,包括依照信托合同管理经营土地的义务、谨慎义务、忠实义务、分别经营义务、亲自经营义务、信息告知义务。可以看出,经营与管理信托土地既是农村土地信托受托人的一项基本权利也是一项重要义务。农村土地信托受托人的法律责任从三个方面来看分别是:受托人的民事责任、受托人的行政责任和刑事责任。民事责任是最主要的,在土地信托受托人的民事责任部分不仅提到了土地信托受托人对受益人的民事责任,也提到了受托人对第三人的民事责任。第三部分作为分析问题的一章从五个方面指出了我国农村土地信托受托人法律制度的不足并指出了当前我国农村土地信托受托人制度存在缺陷的原因。农村土地信托受托人制度的不足之处,比如:土地信托登记制度不够完善、土地信托受托人的选任制度不够完善、土地信托中介组织制度存在缺陷、农村土地信托受托人的权利有待进一步明确、农村土地承包经营权受托人的义务不够具体、农村土地信托受托人责任制度有局限性等等。第四部分作为解决问题的一章,从六大方面提出了完善我国农村土地信托受托人制度的建议。一项制度的发展与完善必然离不开相应的法律支撑,因此笔者呼吁土地信托受托人制度尽快进入立法程序,使土地信托流转有具体法律可依。毫无疑问的,除了相关法律的完善之外,土地信托流转其他方面的配套制度也需要进一步完善,比如完善土地信托登记制度、健全土地信托中介组织职能、建立土地信托的后盾——新型农村社会保障制度。只有一系列制度结合起来发挥合力,才能更有力的推进土地信托受托人制度的健康发展。结语部分是对本文的总体思路和本人的主要观点的总结并对我国农村土地信托受托人制度的未来发展前景进行展望。
[Abstract]:This article is based on China's existing rural land trust system, to study the legal system of rural land trust trustee for the title, as a trustee of the trust of rural land rights, obligations, qualification, legal liability research as the main content, in the discussion process using comparative study method, comparison of rural land trust in our country by the trustee system and the overseas rural land trust trustee system, reflects China's rural land trust by the lack of the trustee system, learn from the mature system of other countries, to improve China's rural land trust trustee system, provide the impetus for the development of the trust of rural land circulation. The paper is divided into four parts. The introduction of this article the background, domestic and foreign scholars by the literature review of the trustee system of rural land trust, as well as the main content and research methods. The first part of the agricultural The related concept of trustee village land trust from large to small step by step are discussed, including the concept of rural land circulation, the concept of trust, the trust of rural land circulation and the concept of the trustee of the trust of rural land concept. After analyzing the important concepts, and discusses the qualifications and type of trustee. The rural land trust trustee the qualification is divided into general and special qualification qualification, qualification generally refers to as the subject of the civil legal relation qualification which requires land trust trustee with full capacity for civil conduct, and special qualification refers to the legal entity as the trustee of rural land trust the professional qualification requirements. The trustee of the trust of rural land science mainly divided into three categories: 1. natural person and corporate trustee trustee.2. trustee civil and commercial trustee.3. initial trustee and successor trustee. The second part is The main contents of the rural land trust by the trustee system, a comprehensive analysis of the trustee of the trust of rural land rights, obligations and responsibilities. The trustee of the trust of rural land rights include the management of rural land trust right, right to get payment, compensation right, right of resignation. The biggest difference with other types of trustee is trustee of the trust of rural land, land management rights. The trust of rural land circulation, land management rights as the trust subject, the primary task of the trustee of the trust contract is in accordance with the nature of rural land management and profit. The trustee of rural land trust obligations more, including the management of land in accordance with the trust contract obligation, duty of care the duty of loyalty, duty, operating, to run the obligation, the obligation of information disclosure. It can be seen that the operation and management of rural land trust land is the trustee. It is an important duty of a basic right. The legal liability of trustee of the trust of rural land from three aspects respectively: the civil liability of the trustee, the trustee of the administrative responsibility and criminal responsibility. The civil liability is the most important part of the civil liability, in the land of the trustee not only referred to the civil liability of land trust the trustee to the beneficiary, also referred to the civil liability of trustee in third. In the third part, as the chapter analyzes problems from five aspects pointed out that the lack of China's rural land trust trustee legal system and points out that the rural land trust in our country by the causes of defects exist. The trustee system of rural land trust the shortcomings, such as: the trustee system of land trust registration system is not perfect, land trust trustee selection system is not perfect, the existence of land trust intermediary organization system defects, The trustee of the trust of rural land rights need to be further clear, rural land contracting right trustee obligations is not specific enough, the rural land trust trustee responsibility system has limitations and so on. The fourth part is a chapter to solve problems, from six aspects proposed consummates our country rural land trust trustee system development and suggestions. Perfect a system inevitably cannot do without the corresponding legal support, so I called the land trust trustee system into the legislative process as soon as possible, so that the land trust circulation have specific legal laws. There is no doubt that, in addition to the improvement of relevant laws, the land trust circulation system in other areas also need to be further improved, such as improving the land trust the registration system, improve the land trust intermediary functions, establishment of land trust -- the backing of the new rural social security system. Only a series of system The conclusion is to summarize the general idea and main points of the land trust system and prospect the future development of the trustee system of rural land in China.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.282

【参考文献】