海事赔偿责任限制与船舶优先权制度冲突研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 13:39

本文关键词： 海事赔偿责任限制船舶优先权制度冲突债权受偿　出处：《大连海事大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：海事赔偿责任限制与船舶优先权共同作为海商法中两个极有特色的法律制度,其保护法益却截然对立,海事赔偿责任限制减轻特定海事事故下作为责任人的船舶所有人、救助人、责任保险人等对特定债权的赔偿责任,而船舶优先权保障的是以船舶所有人、光船承租人为债务人的特定海事债权得以顺利实现。立法目的的冲突也导致了两种法律制度最终在实施程序上和受偿结果上产生冲突,笔者以此界定两种法律制度为冲突关系。在两种法律制度共同调整的海事债权上,即受船舶优先权担保的当次事故产生的限制性债权上,二者在受偿数额、受偿顺序、受偿不足时债权的存续上均有不同的规定,致使就此类债权而言,海事赔偿责任限制取代船舶优先权适用时此类债权的受偿受到很大影响,本文通过对其进行考察分析,提出对该类债权受偿规定的完善建议,并进行论证。本文除引言和结论外,共包括三部分。第一部分,简单介绍了海事赔偿责任限制制度与船舶优先权制度,随后通过对两种法律制度在立法目的、实施程序和受偿结果三个方面的表现对两种法律制度之间的关系进行了界定,并考察了海事赔偿责任限制与船舶优先权各自的国际公约规定的历史沿革,为后期的讨论做铺垫。第二部分,分纵向和横向两种思路对两种法律制度之间的冲突进行探讨和分析,所谓纵向是按照法律制度的立法目的、实施程序和受偿结果的逻辑顺序进行的深度讨论,而横向是按照两种法律制度所涉及债权进行横向排列分类,分别进行的讨论。第三部分,总结了上文述及的我国法下两种法律制度冲突的集中表现并作出评价,随后从简化受偿程序和人道主义关怀的角度对该规定提出了自己的完善建议并进行了必要的论证。
[Abstract]:The limitation of maritime claim liability and maritime lien are two very distinctive legal systems in maritime law, but the benefits of its protection law are completely opposite, and the limitation of maritime claim liability reduces the owner of the ship as the responsible person in a specific maritime accident. The salvor, the liability insurer and the like are liable for a particular creditor's right, and the maritime lien is protected by the owner of the ship, The specific maritime claims of bareboat charterers as debtors were successfully realized. The conflict of legislative purposes also led to conflicts between the two legal systems in the implementation procedure and in the outcome of repayment. The author defines the two legal systems as conflict relations. In the maritime claims which are jointly adjusted by the two legal systems, that is, the restrictive claims arising from the accident secured by the maritime lien, the two are in the amount of compensation, the order of payment, There are different provisions on the existence of the creditor's rights when they are underpaid, which leads to the great influence on the compensation of such claims when the limitation of maritime liability replaces the application of maritime liens. This paper includes three parts except introduction and conclusion. The first part introduces the limitation system of maritime claim liability and maritime lien system. Then the relationship between the two legal systems is defined through the performance of the two legal systems in the legislative purpose, the implementation procedure and the result of compensation. The historical evolution of the international conventions on limitation of maritime liability and maritime liens is also investigated to pave the way for later discussion. Exploring and analysing the conflict between the two legal systems in vertical and horizontal ways. The so-called vertical is an in-depth discussion in the logical order of the procedure of implementation and the result of compensation in accordance with the legislative purpose of the legal system, The third part summarizes the concentrated performance and evaluation of the conflict between the two legal systems mentioned above. Then, from the angle of simplifying the procedure of receiving compensation and humanitarian care, the author puts forward his own perfect suggestion and makes the necessary demonstration.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.294

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