我国交通拥堵费的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 01:31

本文选题：拥堵　切入点：交通拥堵费　出处：《河北大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市交通拥堵是社会经济发展到一定阶段的产物。伴随着国民经济的快速发展,日益严重的交通拥堵成为我国各大城市共同面临的问题,并且已发展成为制约我国城市可持续发展的主要障碍之一。交通拥堵不仅降低市民的出行效率,还严重影响着城市的空气质量。作为交通需求管理的一项重要措施,交通拥堵费越来越受到人们的关注。拥堵收费是通过价格机制来调节交通需求,控制个体化的机动交通需求,使城市交通结构向公共交通转移,从而提高城市交通总体的运营效率,改善城市空气质量。解决城市交通拥堵问题必须依赖法律规范构建出合理的、常态化的、具有可操作性的治理制度,通过制度对权利、义务的合理分配实现缓解拥堵的目标。本文一共由五部分构成。第一部分是对文章选题背景和研究目的的介绍;第二部分阐述了交通拥堵费的基本理论,介绍了什么是交通拥堵费以及它的性质,最后从四个方面说明征收交通拥堵费的现实意义;第三部分是对交通拥堵费在我国的研究现状和所面临问题的介绍,首先介绍了国内对开征交通拥堵费存在着很大争议,随后分析了目前在我国开征交通拥堵费所面临的问题,指出了我国征收交通拥堵费最大的问题便是立法缺失,并且缺乏健全的法律体系和完善的配套制度,接着提出开征交通拥堵费的必要性,介绍了为什么要征收交通拥堵费,最后从五个方面分析我国开征交通拥堵费的可行性,说明我国已经具备了开征交通拥堵费的条件;文章第四部分是对国际经验的分析与借鉴,选取新加坡和英国这两个比较有代表性的国家,对他们各自的交通拥堵费法律制度进行分析,总结其经验教训,从而得出对我国有益的启示;文章最后在吸收外国经验教训的基础上,结合我国国情,针对我国征收交通拥堵费所面临的法律问题提出了解决方案。结论部分对全文脉络进行了梳理,并对未来进行了展望,提出虽然目前我国在开征交通拥堵费方面还面临着一些问题,但我们一定能够解决这些问题,缓解城市发展过程中的交通拥堵问题。
[Abstract]:Urban traffic congestion is the product of social and economic development to a certain stage. With the rapid development of the national economy, increasingly serious traffic congestion has become a common problem faced by all major cities in China. Traffic congestion not only reduces the travel efficiency of citizens, but also seriously affects the air quality of cities. As an important measure of traffic demand management, traffic congestion has become one of the main obstacles to the sustainable development of cities in China. Congestion charge is more and more concerned by people. Congestion charge is to adjust traffic demand through price mechanism, control individual motorized traffic demand, and transfer urban traffic structure to public transport. In order to improve the overall operation efficiency of urban traffic and improve the urban air quality, we must rely on the legal norms to build a reasonable, regular and operable governance system to solve the problem of urban traffic congestion. This paper is composed of five parts. The first part is the introduction of the background and the purpose of the research; the second part expounds the basic theory of traffic congestion fee. This paper introduces what is traffic congestion charge and its nature, and finally explains the practical significance of collecting traffic congestion charge from four aspects. The third part introduces the research status and problems of traffic congestion charge in our country. First of all, this paper introduces the domestic dispute on traffic congestion charge, and then analyzes the problems of traffic congestion charge in our country, and points out that the biggest problem of traffic congestion fee collection in China is the lack of legislation. And the lack of a sound legal system and a complete supporting system, then proposed the necessity of traffic congestion charges, introduced why to levy traffic congestion charges, and finally from five aspects of the feasibility of the introduction of traffic congestion charges in China. It shows that China already has the conditions to levy traffic congestion charges. Part 4th is about the analysis and reference of international experience, selecting Singapore and Britain as two more representative countries. This paper analyzes their respective legal systems of traffic congestion charges, sums up their experiences and lessons, and draws useful enlightenment for our country. Finally, the article combines the national conditions of our country on the basis of absorbing foreign experiences and lessons. In view of the legal problems in collecting traffic congestion charges in China, the author puts forward the solutions. The conclusion part combs the context of the whole paper, and looks forward to the future. It is pointed out that although there are still some problems in levying traffic congestion charges in our country at present, we must be able to solve these problems and alleviate the traffic congestion problems in the course of urban development.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.296

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