《国内水路货物运输规则》废止后的法律适用问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 18:22

本文选题：《国内水路货物运输》　切入点：水路货物运输合同　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国,水路货物运输是沿海货物运输和内陆水域(内河)货物运输的统称。我国幅员辽阔,河海众多,存在着一个巨大的国内水运市场。水路运输活动需要有相应的规则进行调整,但水路货物运输法制建设却一直处于相对落后状态,无法有效调整水路运输中的各种民事法律关系。在此背景下,2016年《国内水路货物运输规则》(以下简称《货规》)的废止,使国内水路货物运输的法律依据更加缺乏。因此,对《货规》废止后法律适用问题的研究尤为重要。本文围绕这一研究、写作目的,运用综合分析的方法对《货规》废止后的法律适用问题进行探讨。本文的主要思路是通过阐述《货规》实施期间曾发挥的作用,引出《货规》废止后的遗留问题,并结合我国司法审判实践,提出《货规》废止后法律适用方面的完善建议。本文分为四部分对《货规》废止后的法律问题进行研究:第一部分是对问题的提出。通过对《货规》历史的回顾,对《货规》实施期间发挥的作用和主要缺陷进行分析,引入下文关于《货规》废止后目前遗留的国内水路货物运输中的法律适用问题。第二部分探讨的是当前国内水路货物运输中的法律适用问题。通过分析《货规》废止后适用《合同法》和《海商法》调整国内水路货物运输关系存在的不足,可以看出,《货规》的废止使当前国内水路货物运输合同的法律适用更加缺乏。第三部分提出关于《货规》废止后的法律适用途径。分析《货规》废止之后,在现有法律的前提下,针对如何审理水路货物运输案件提出自己的见解和法律途径。分为合同中当事人双方的明确约定、当事人约定《货规》并入合同、约定适用《海商法》和当事人未作出约定或合同无效四种情况进行探讨。第四部分探讨《货规》废止后国内水路货物运输法律适用的完善建议,进一步补充法律适用的缺乏。首先,从立法方面出发,建议加快立法进度,制定和完善法律规范调整水路货物运输。其次,《货规》废止后,建议制定相关司法解释,将《货规》司法解释化,更好地规范国内水路货运。最后从审判实践经验和行业自律出发,建议中国船东协会等相关民间组织发挥作用。
[Abstract]:In our country, waterway freight transportation is the general term for coastal freight transportation and inland water (inland water) freight transport. Our country has a vast territory and many rivers and seas. There is a huge domestic waterway market. The waterway transportation needs to be adjusted by corresponding rules, but the legal construction of waterway freight transportation has been in a relatively backward state. Various civil legal relationships in waterway transport cannot be adjusted effectively. In this context, the abolition of the domestic regulations for the Carriage of goods by Water in 2016 (hereinafter referred to as the "cargo regulations") makes the legal basis for domestic waterway freight transport even more lacking. Therefore, It is particularly important to study the application of the law after the repeal of the Regulation. This paper discusses the application of the law after the abolition of the Commodity Regulation by means of comprehensive analysis. The main idea of this article is to explain the role played during the implementation of the Commodity Regulation, and to elicit the remaining problems after the abolition of the Commodity Regulation. And combined with the judicial practice of our country, This paper is divided into four parts to study the legal problems after the abolition of the Commodity Regulation. The first part is to put forward the problem. Analysis of the role and main defects of the cargo Code during its implementation, This paper introduces the following questions on the legal application of domestic waterway freight transportation left over after the abolition of the cargo regulations. The second part discusses the application of the law in the domestic waterway cargo transportation at present. The deficiency of applying the contract Law and the Maritime Law to adjust the domestic waterway freight transport relations after the repeal, It can be seen that the abolition of the goods regulations makes the application of the domestic waterway freight transport contract even more lacking. The third part puts forward the ways to apply the law after the abolition of the goods regulations. Under the premise of the existing law, the author puts forward his own opinions and legal channels on how to deal with the case of waterway cargo transportation. It is divided into two parts: the explicit agreement of the parties in the contract, and the agreement of the parties to merge the goods regulations into the contract, The article discusses the application of the Maritime Law and the failure of the parties to make an agreement or the invalidity of the contract. The fourth part discusses the suggestions for the perfection of the application of the domestic waterway freight transport law after the abolition of the goods Code. To further supplement the lack of application of the law. First, from the legislative point of view, it is suggested to speed up the legislative progress and to formulate and improve legal norms to regulate the transport of goods by water. Secondly, after the abolition of the goods regulations, it is suggested that relevant judicial interpretations be formulated. In order to better standardize the domestic waterway freight transportation, the judicial interpretation of "cargo Regulation" is made. Finally, based on the trial experience and industry self-discipline, it is suggested that the Chinese Shipowners Association and other relevant non-governmental organizations should play a role.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.294

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