产品后续观察义务问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 09:39

本文选题：产品　切入点：后续观察义务　出处：《上海交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：产品安全问题一直是关乎民生的一个重大问题。尤其自20世纪以来,随着工业社会的发展和科学技术的不断进步,产品品种日趋多样化,产品功能日趋复杂化,在带给人们生活便捷的同时,也隐藏着越来越多的不确定因素,比如因发展缺陷等引发的产品安全隐患问题。从产品责任的严格责任原则来看,法律的天平更倾向于保护作为弱势群体的广大消费者。法律苛以生产者、销售者更为严格的责任性质和责任范围,是为了促使他们生产或销售质量合格的产品,从而保障人们的健康和社会的稳定。然而,通常的产品责任仅限于产品投入流通之前的相关环节,那么产品投入流通之后,生产者、销售者是否还应负有相应责任呢?由此,“产品后续观察义务”这一制度应运而生,在社会经济和科学技术快速发展的今天,它作为生产者、销售者的法律义务之一,在维护消费者权益、保障社会公共安全等方面发挥着重要的作用。与此同时,这一制度相对来说还是一个比较新的概念,法律规定也较为笼统,且缺乏相关的司法解释,致使这一制度的运用存在着一定的分歧与争议。有鉴于此,本文以产品后续观察义务为研究对象,通过研究其理论与法律基础,进一步梳理其内容,并就其在适用过程中遇到的问题作出初步界定。本文由如下三个部分构成:第一部分“产品后续观察义务概述”,介绍后续观察义务的理论依据、法律依据和立法体例,以及跟踪观察、售后警示、产品召回等主要内容。第二部分“违反产品后续观察义务的责任承担”,论述违反后续观察义务的责任性质、责任主体及责任范围。第三部分“产品后续观察义务与发展风险抗辩的冲突及解决”,论述后续观察义务与发展风险抗辩之间的冲突及解决方法。
[Abstract]:The issue of product safety has always been a major issue related to people's livelihood. Especially since the 20th century, with the development of industrial society and the continuous progress of science and technology, the variety of products is becoming more and more diversified, and the function of products is becoming more and more complicated. While bringing people a convenient life, they also hide more and more uncertain factors, such as the hidden dangers of product safety caused by development defects, etc. From the point of view of the strict liability principle of product liability, The balance of the law is more inclined to protect the vast majority of consumers who are vulnerable groups. The law imposes on producers and sellers the stricter nature and scope of liability in order to induce them to produce or sell products of good quality. In order to protect people's health and social stability, however, the usual product liability is limited to the relevant links before the product is put into circulation, so after the product is put into circulation, should the producer, the seller also have the corresponding responsibility? As a result, the system of "product follow-up observation obligation" came into being. Today, with the rapid development of social economy and science and technology, it is one of the legal obligations of producers and sellers to safeguard the rights and interests of consumers. At the same time, this system is a relatively new concept, the legal provisions are also relatively general, and lack of relevant judicial interpretation. As a result, there are some differences and controversies in the application of this system. In view of this, this paper takes the duty of product follow-up observation as the research object, through the study of its theoretical and legal basis, further combing its content, This paper consists of the following three parts: the first part, "Overview of the obligation of product follow-up observation", introduces the theoretical basis, legal basis and legislative style of the obligation of follow-up observation. And the following observation, after-sale warning, product recall and other main contents. The second part, "responsibility of violating the obligation of follow-up observation", discusses the nature of the responsibility of violating the obligation of follow-up observation. The third part, "conflict and resolution of product follow-up observation obligation and development risk defense", discusses the conflict and solution between follow-up observation obligation and development risk defense.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.294

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