普惠金融视角下村镇银行监管法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 04:14

本文选题：普惠金融　切入点：村镇银行　出处：《西南政法大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：普惠金融是2005年联合国提出的新概念,但是有关普惠金融的实践在此之前就已经开始。我国高度重视普惠金融建设,积极增加农村地区的金融供给,面对农村金融困境,通过设立新型农村金融机构进一步深化农村金融改革,村镇银行就是重要的增量改革成果。村镇银行采用商业化运作模式,其重要使命之一是服务农村地区的居民和中小企业,进一步刺激农村经济,普惠“三农”。但实践中,村镇银行却存在背离支农使命的现象,虽然这与它的逐利本性有关,可是村镇银行监管也对此负有直接的责任。作为直接有效的外部约束制度,村镇银行监管影响并引导着村镇银行对普惠金融理念的实践,在普惠金融视角下研究村镇银行的监管法律制度具有重要意义。本文在普惠金融视角下,通过深入剖析普惠金融的具体内容和要求,挖掘其深刻内涵,分析普惠金融建设中机构自身的可持续发展要求与普惠农民的公益性要求之间的关系,理清普惠金融建设的基本思路,进而以此为基础,审视村镇银行承担普惠金融建设任务的内在合理性,并实证分析实践中村镇银行存在的问题,为下文探讨造成该问题的监管制度障碍做准备。通过对普惠金融和村镇银行的进行充分的理论和实证分析,本文在普惠金融视角下具体解析造成村镇银行偏离普惠金融要求的监管法律制度障碍,指出村镇银行监管者在监管立法、监管主体、市场准入、监管措施等方面的不足,进一步阐述普惠金融与村镇银行监管之间的关系。另外,针对普惠金融视角下村镇银行监管的制度障碍,本文详细分析了美国社区银行和孟加拉国格莱珉银行的相关监管经验,从历史沿革、现实状况等角度分析社区银行和格莱珉银行监管实践,探讨总结其中的共同规律,并在监管理念、监管原则及具体监管制度等方面进一步解析两者对我国村镇银行监管的重要制度借鉴,为下文具体的村镇银行监管制度构建做好铺垫。最后,针对我国村镇银行监管制度障碍,在充分借鉴相关学术理论和域外实践经验的基础上,本文详细阐述了在普惠金融视角下完善村镇银行监管制度的建议。本文认为,要想解决法律制度障碍,就应紧紧围绕障碍本身采取针对性的措施,应当从树立金融公平理念、坚持适度监管和差别监管原则、提高立法效力等级以及放宽市场准入、加强监管主体建设、完善监管内容及配套制度等多个层面构建适合村镇银行的法律制度。
[Abstract]:Inclusive finance is a new concept put forward by the United Nations in 2005, but the practice of inclusive finance began before that.Our country attaches great importance to the construction of inclusive finance, actively increases the financial supply in rural areas, and in the face of rural financial difficulties, through the establishment of new rural financial institutions to further deepen the rural financial reform, village banks is an important incremental reform results.One of the important missions of village banks is to serve the residents and small and medium-sized enterprises in rural areas, to stimulate the rural economy, and to popularize the "three rural areas".But in practice, the village bank has the phenomenon of deviating from the mission of supporting agriculture. Although this is related to its nature of pursuing profits, the supervision of village bank also bears direct responsibility for it.As a direct and effective external restraint system, the supervision of village banks influences and guides the practice of village banks to the concept of inclusive finance. It is of great significance to study the legal system of supervision of village banks from the perspective of inclusive finance.From the perspective of inclusive finance, this paper analyzes the concrete contents and requirements of inclusive finance, excavates its profound connotation, and analyzes the relationship between the sustainable development requirements of institutions and the public welfare requirements of farmers in the construction of inclusive finance.On the basis of clarifying the basic ideas of inclusive financial construction, this paper examines the inherent rationality of village banks' undertaking the task of inclusive financial construction, and empirically analyzes the problems existing in the practice of Zhongcun banks.Prepare for the regulatory system obstacles that cause the problem below.Through the full theoretical and empirical analysis of inclusive finance and village banks, this paper analyzes the obstacles of supervision legal system that cause village banks to deviate from the requirements of inclusive finance under the perspective of inclusive finance.The paper points out the deficiency of supervision legislation, supervision subject, market access and supervision measures, and further expounds the relationship between inclusive finance and village bank supervision.In addition, in view of the institutional obstacles to the supervision of village banks from the perspective of inclusive finance, this paper analyzes in detail the relevant regulatory experience of the American Community Bank and the Bangladesh Grameen Bank, which is a historical evolution.Analyzing the practice of community bank and Grameen bank supervision from the point of view of reality, discussing and summing up the common law among them, and putting forward the supervision idea of community bank and Grameen bank.The principles of supervision and the specific supervision system are further analyzed for reference to the important system of the supervision of village banks in our country, which will pave the way for the construction of the specific supervision system of village banks below.Finally, aiming at the obstacle of the supervision system of village bank in our country, on the basis of drawing lessons from relevant academic theory and foreign practical experience, this paper elaborates the suggestion of perfecting the supervision system of village bank in the perspective of inclusive finance.This paper holds that in order to solve the obstacles of the legal system, we should take targeted measures closely around the obstacles themselves. We should establish the concept of financial fairness and adhere to the principles of moderate supervision and differential supervision.Improve the level of legislative effectiveness and relax market access, strengthen the construction of the main body of supervision, improve the content of supervision and supporting systems to build a legal system suitable for village and town banks.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.281

【相似文献】