P2P网贷平台兜底法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 18:36

本文选题：P2P网贷 + 监管　；参考：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在私权利领域,法无禁止即自由。近几年来,互联网金融正是依托这一理念在我国爆发式发展壮大。互联网金融是互联网技术与传统线下民间金融发展到一定阶段,二者融合创新、叠加交织的产物,是代表先进生产服务方式的新经济形态,具有强大的生命力。在互联网金融多类型的业态之中,P2P网贷平台数量和规模近年来迅猛崛起占据了主导地位,吸引了众多投资者和媒体眼球,在人们观念中几乎等同于互联网金融。事实上用冰火两重天来形容当前的网贷行业似乎更贴近现实：方面,P2P网贷在国内的狂飙突进,行业资金呈现持续加速净流入状态；另一方面,此起彼伏的平台倒闭潮正在袭来,有超过1000家网贷平台被爆出因涉嫌诈骗、自融或提现困难等诸多问题。P2P网贷挑战传统金融监管模式,会产生融合业务新风险,互联网本身固有的风险移植到金融领域,有进一步放大的可能。当前互联网金融监管框架意见已经出台,实施细则呼之欲出,部分网贷平台对逾期项目不兜底而选择进行正常的法律程序解决,引起业内广泛争议。本文就针对网贷平台兜底法律问题进行阐述和分析,并创新地提出比例兜底的具体操作模式和监管思路。本文共分为五个部分：第一部分简要介绍了P2P网贷的概念、起源以及发展的最新基本情况,并指出网贷兜底模式的创新引入是近几年该行业取得爆发式发展业绩的主要推动因素之一；第二部分分析了P2P网贷行业当前发展的积极因素,指出兜底是投资人结构、平台信用功能和残酷市场竞争的现实需要,并就比例兜底的法理学两大依据民法公平原则、担保法司法解释比例原则作出分析和阐述。P2P行业立足于小微普惠金融,解决了一定程度上的小微企业融资难,拓宽了民间闲散资金的投资理财渠道,极大的推进了国家金融体系改革进程；同时P2P金融监管政策滞后于行业发展,非法集资、挪用资金、非法经营风险事件层出不穷,给投资人带来极大的困惑,最终网贷行业以总理视察深圳、各地出台政策为契机获得了正名和进一步发展：第三部分阐述了网络借贷平台兜底问题的争议现状,明确了实施比例兜底存在的阻碍,指出不兜底是网贷投资性质、外部法治监管和行业持续长远健康发展需要；第四部分在总结司法案例比例偿付的基础上,借鉴方向资本私募基金预警清盘规则的设计原理,创新地提出了网贷比例兜底的定义和基本架构设计,指出比例兜底模式应是网络借贷行业新的可行选项。第五部分笔者建议广大网贷平台运营者克服苦难、积极实践比例兜底模式,创造条件推动比例兜底模式进入立法程序。
[Abstract]:In the field of private rights, freedom is not prohibited by law.In recent years, Internet finance is relying on this concept in our explosive development.Internet finance is the product of the integration and innovation of Internet technology and folk finance under the traditional line. It is a new economic form representing the advanced production and service mode and has strong vitality.In recent years, the number and scale of P2P network lending platforms have taken the leading position among the various types of Internet finance, which has attracted the attention of many investors and media, and is almost equal to Internet finance in people's ideas.In fact, using ice and fire to describe the current online lending industry seems closer to reality: in terms of the rapid development of P2P network loans in China, the industry capital continues to accelerate its net inflow; on the other hand, the successive wave of platform failures is hitting.More than 1000 internet lending platforms have been exposed to many problems, such as suspected fraud, self-financing or difficulty in withdrawing money. P2P network loans challenge the traditional financial regulatory model, which will create new risks of convergence business, and the inherent risks of the Internet itself will be transplanted to the financial field.There is a possibility of further magnification.At present, the Internet financial regulatory framework has been issued, the implementation of the rules are imminent, part of the network loan platform for overdue projects and choose the normal legal procedures to resolve, causing widespread controversy in the industry.This paper expounds and analyzes the legal problems of net loan platform, and puts forward the concrete operation mode and supervision thought of proportion bottom.This paper is divided into five parts: the first part briefly introduces the concept, origin and development of P2P network loan.It is pointed out that the innovation and introduction of the net loan bottom model is one of the main driving factors for the industry to achieve explosive development results in recent years. The second part analyzes the positive factors of the current development of the P2P network loan industry and points out that the bottom of the net loan industry is the investor structure.The function of platform credit and the realistic need of cruel market competition, and on the basis of the principle of justice of civil law and the principle of judicial interpretation of guarantee law, this paper analyzes and expounds that the P2P industry is based on the small micro-inclusive finance.It solves the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises to a certain extent, broadens the investment and financial management channels of private idle funds, and greatly promotes the reform of the national financial system. At the same time, the P2P financial supervision policy lags behind the development of the industry and raises funds illegally.Misappropriation of funds, illegal business risk incidents emerge in endlessly, bring great confusion to investors, finally the network loan industry to inspect Shenzhen with the Prime Minister,Local policies have gained a correct name and further development: the third part expounds the status quo of the online lending platform bottom, clear the obstacles to the implementation of the scale bottom, and points out that the net loan investment nature is not the bottom line.On the basis of summing up the proportion of judicial cases, the fourth part draws lessons from the design principle of early-warning liquidation rules of capital private equity fund.This paper puts forward the definition and basic structure design of the net loan proportion, and points out that the proportional borrowing model should be a new feasible option for the network lending industry.In the fifth part, the author suggests that the operators of the network loan platform should overcome the suffering, actively practice the proportional bottom model, and create the conditions to push the proportional bottom model into the legislative process.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.28

【相似文献】