法定犯时代的违法性认识错误

发布时间：2018-04-28 08:25

本文选题：法定犯时代 + 违法性认识错误　；参考：《清华法学》2015年04期

【摘要】：法定犯时代的到来,凸显了违法性认识错误问题的意义与复杂性。大幅高频的法定犯立法,加剧了"不知法者不免责"的传统观念与责任主义的冲突。但是,刑法日益繁重的规制任务,又不允许追求"不知法者不为罪"的理想图景。在这种局面下,理论研究的重心应当由违法性认识必要性的理念宣扬,转移到违法性认识错误的可避免性判断的技术层面上来。构建兼顾责任主义与刑事政策,并能够为司法实践接纳的解决方案。在错误的可避免性的判断尺度上,应当按生活领域/专业领域区分适用个别人尺度与一般人尺度,同时根据作为犯/不作为犯以及本国人/外国人的不同情况区分把握。在错误的可避免性的审查条件上,应当递进性地考虑客观上是否存在查明法律的机会,以及主观上是否尽到查明法律的努力。根据错误可否避免的审查结论,分别赋予错误者以减免或从轻处罚的法律后果。
[Abstract]:The arrival of the era of statutory offense highlights the significance and complexity of the problem of illegal cognitive errors. The large and high-frequency legislation of statutory offense intensifies the conflict between the traditional concept of "those who do not know the law can not avoid responsibility" and the doctrine of responsibility. However, the increasingly onerous regulation task of criminal law does not allow the pursuit of the ideal prospect of "not knowing the law is not a crime". In this situation, the focus of theoretical research should be promoted by the idea of the necessity of illegality and transferred to the technical level of avoidable judgment of illegality. Construct a solution that combines responsibility and criminal policy and can be accepted by judicial practice. In the judgment scale of the error-avoidable nature, the criterion of individual person and general person should be distinguished according to the field of life / specialty, and according to the different circumstances of the act / omission and the national / foreigner. In the case of false and avoidable examination conditions, it is necessary to consider progressively whether there is an objective opportunity to find out the law and whether the effort to ascertain the law is done subjectively. On the basis of the conclusion that the error can be avoided, the legal consequences of reducing or leniently punishing the wrongdoer are given separately.
【作者单位】：北京大学法学院;
【分类号】：D924;D922.291.91

【共引文献】