机动车第三者责任险法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 20:45

本文选题：机动车第三者责任险 + 机动车第三者商业保险　；参考：《宁波大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：经济的飞速发展促使了我国机动车的普及,人们在享受它所带来的便利的同时,也不得不面对因机动车驾驶人不慎所造成的人员伤亡、财产损失的现实。为了分散机动车所有人或管理人的驾车风险,弥补交通事故受害人的损失,国家施行了交强险制度,保险公司也推出机动车第三者商业责任险这个险种。这两种保险的实施在很大程度上解决了被保险人和交通事故受害者的担忧,但其在施行过程中也暴露出不足,这些不足引起了理论界和实务界的激烈探讨。本文拟从实际出发引入机动车第三者责任险纠纷争议焦点,接着分析在实务中该纠纷出现的原因,进而提出行之有效的措施以夯实其法学理论和制度建构。本文第一部分从介绍责任险的相关概念和特征入手引出机动车第三者强制责任保险和机动车第三者商业保险,因两者都与第三者有关,本文将其统称为机动车第三者责任险。接着分析了交强险和商业三责险不同的特征,为下文机动车第三者责任纠纷出现的原因部分以及提出的制度完善部分奠定理论基础。本文第二部分拟结合实际案例主要讨论实务中关于机动车第三者责任险制度的两个争议焦点。第一个争议焦点是关于第三者范围的争议,本文从我国现有的法律、法规对该问题的界定以及实务中关于第三者的不同认定来阐述该争议。第二个争议焦点是限额分项赔付制度,本文从法律依据及法理依据论述该问题。本文第三部分提出机动车第三者责任险在现实中存在争议是因为在对待第三者的范围问题上实务界对第三者的认定标准不一;关于限额赔付产生争议其实质原因是立法层面上偏离机动车第三者责任险的本意;本文第四部分在前三部分的基础上,结合国内外的立法和研究成果,在权衡保险人、被保险人、受害者利益的基础上,从我国国情出发,从机动车第三者责任险的设立本意出发对完善我国机动车第三者责任险制度提出相应的建议。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of economy has promoted the popularization of motor vehicles in our country. While enjoying the convenience brought about by it, people have to face the reality of casualties and property losses caused by careless drivers of motor vehicles. In order to disperse the vehicle owner or manager's driving risk and make up for the loss of the traffic accident victims, the state has implemented the traffic insurance system, and the insurance company has also introduced the third party commercial liability insurance of motor vehicles. To a great extent, the implementation of these two kinds of insurance has solved the worries of the insured and the victims of traffic accidents, but it has also exposed some deficiencies in the course of implementation, which have aroused intense discussion in the theoretical and practical circles. This paper intends to introduce the dispute focus of motor vehicle third party liability insurance dispute from the practical point, then analyzes the causes of the dispute in practice, and then puts forward effective measures to consolidate its legal theory and system construction. The first part of this paper introduces the related concepts and characteristics of liability insurance, and introduces the motor vehicle third party compulsory liability insurance and motor vehicle third party commercial insurance, because both of them are related to the third party, which is called motor vehicle third party liability insurance in this paper. Then it analyzes the different characteristics of traffic insurance and commercial triple liability insurance, which lays a theoretical foundation for the reasons of the third party liability disputes in motor vehicles and the perfect part of the proposed system. The second part of this paper mainly discusses the two controversial points of motor vehicle third party liability insurance system in practice combined with practical cases. The first point of dispute is about the scope of the third party. This paper expounds the dispute from the definition of the issue in the existing laws and regulations of our country and the different identification of the third party in practice. The second point of dispute is the system of partial compensation of quota. This paper discusses the problem from the legal basis and the legal basis. The third part of this paper points out that the third party liability insurance of motor vehicles is controversial in reality because of the different standards for the identification of third parties in the field of the scope of treatment of third parties. The essential reason for the dispute about the limitation of compensation is to deviate from the original intention of motor vehicle third party liability insurance on the level of legislation. The fourth part of this paper is based on the first three parts, combined with the domestic and foreign legislation and research results, in weighing the insurer, On the basis of the interests of the insured and the victims, starting from the situation of our country and the original intention of the establishment of motor vehicle third party liability insurance, the author puts forward corresponding suggestions to perfect the third party liability insurance system in China.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.284

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