我国破产企业职工劳动债权保护法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 09:11

本文选题：破产企业 + 劳动债权　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：破产是企业发展中的一种经济现象,是企业竞争的必然产物,也是企业合法退出市场的有效手段。在破产实践中由于职工处在弱势地位,以及信息不对称等原因,致使职工劳动债权在破产实践不能有效清偿,导致“企业破产,职工遭殃”的现象频现,破产企业职工劳动债权保护问题日渐成为社会问题。本文从企业和破产的定义入手,分成四个部分进行了论述。第一部分是对破产企业职工劳动债权保护的概述。首先,阐述了企业、职工和破产的概念；其次,对劳动债权的内容进行阐述,解释了破产费用和共益债务的定义；最后,分析了我国破产企业职工劳动债权保护经历的主要阶段以及每个阶段的主要特点。第二部分是对我国破产企业职工劳动债权保护现状与存在问题的分析。首先,从法律层面概括了《企业破产法》对劳动债权保护的规定,分别从破产启动阶段、债权申报阶段、债权人会议阶段、清偿阶段以及法律责任等方面,分析了法律对职工劳动债权的保护措施；接下来从达到破产标准的企业未进入破产程序、工资担保基金制度不健全、企业管理人员的责任承担以及工会职能不够完善等方面,分析了我国破产企业职工劳动债权保护困境形成的原因。第三部分是破产企业职工劳动债权保护的经验借鉴部分。分析了美国、英国、日本、德国、法国以及我国香港地区破产企业职工劳动债权的保护经验。第四部分是我国破产企业职工劳动债权保护的完善建议部分,主要内容有六点：第一,我们需要规范企业市场退出,给企业和职工建立起和谐稳定的劳动关系；第二,建立企业职工工资支付预警机制,保障职工工资可以足额发放；第三,建立企业工资担保基金制度,使职工劳动债权获得充分保障；第四,明确破产企业管理人员对劳动债权的连带责任,管理人员与企业职工风险共担；第五,加强工会在企业破产程序中的协调职能,为职工维权提供更多帮助；第六,完善劳动债权人的参与权。
[Abstract]:Bankruptcy is an economic phenomenon in the development of enterprises, an inevitable product of enterprise competition and an effective means for enterprises to withdraw from the market legally. In bankruptcy practice, due to the weak position of workers and staff members and the asymmetry of information, the labor creditor's rights of workers and staff cannot be effectively paid off in bankruptcy practice, resulting in the phenomenon of "enterprise bankruptcy, workers suffering" frequently. The protection of labor creditor's rights of bankrupt enterprises is becoming a social problem day by day. This paper starts with the definition of enterprise and bankruptcy and discusses it in four parts. The first part is an overview of the protection of labor claims of workers in bankrupt enterprises. Firstly, the concept of enterprise, employee and bankruptcy is expounded; secondly, the content of labor creditor's rights is expounded, and the definition of bankruptcy expense and common benefit debt is explained. This paper analyzes the main stages of labor creditor's rights protection and the main characteristics of each stage in China's bankrupt enterprises. The second part is the analysis of the present situation and existing problems of labor creditor's rights protection for the employees of bankrupt enterprises in China. First of all, from the legal level, it summarizes the provisions of the Enterprise bankruptcy Law on the protection of labor creditor's rights, respectively from the bankruptcy start-up stage, the creditor's rights declaration stage, the creditors' meeting stage, the liquidation stage and the legal liability, etc. This paper analyzes the legal protection measures for workers' labor claims, and then from the aspects of failing to enter the bankruptcy procedure for enterprises that meet the bankruptcy standards, the imperfect system of wage guarantee funds, the responsibility of enterprise managers and the imperfect functions of trade unions, etc. This paper analyzes the reasons for the plight of labor creditor's rights protection in bankrupt enterprises in China. The third part is the experience of employee's labor creditor's rights protection in bankruptcy enterprise. This paper analyzes the protection experience of labor claims of workers in bankrupt enterprises in the United States, Britain, Japan, Germany, France and Hong Kong. The fourth part is the perfect suggestion part of the labor creditor's right protection of our country bankrupt enterprise worker, the main content has six points: first, we need to standardize the enterprise market exit, establish the harmonious and stable labor relation for the enterprise and the worker; second, To establish an early warning mechanism for the wage payment of enterprise workers to ensure that workers' wages can be paid in full; third, to establish an enterprise wage guarantee fund system so that workers' labour claims can be fully protected; and fourth, Clarifying the joint and several liabilities of the managers of the bankrupt enterprises to the labor creditor's rights, and sharing the risks between the managers and the employees of the enterprises; fifthly, to strengthen the coordination function of the trade unions in the enterprise bankruptcy proceedings, and to provide more help for the workers to safeguard their rights; sixth, We will improve the participation rights of labor creditors.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.291.92

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