船舶承租人的海事赔偿责任限制主体问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 14:12

本文选题：海事赔偿责任限制 + 责任主体　；参考：《华东政法大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着航运事业的不断发展,海事赔偿责任限制的权利主体范围也在相应的扩大,可以享受海事赔偿责任限制的主体从船舶所有人发展到船舶承租人、船舶经营人等等。为了确定这些主体的责任限制权利,相关国际公约对海事赔偿责任限制主体的范围进行了规定,各公约都赋予了船舶承租人海事赔偿责任限制权利。然而相关公约的规定都过于概括,仅笼统的规定了船舶承租人可以享受海事赔偿责任限制,而未明确具体何类型租船方式下的承租人可以享受责任限制。近些年实践中的相关案例更是凸显了这一问题,引起了理论界和实务界的广泛关注。本文通过理论分析法、案例分析法、法律解释法、历史分析法等研究方法确定各类船舶承租人的海事赔偿责任限制主体资格,以此明确可以享受海事赔偿责任限制的承租人的类型。为了认定各类承租人的海事赔偿责任限制主体资格,本文首先确定了船舶承租人享受海事赔偿责任限制的主体资格标准。同时总结了涉及海事赔偿责任限制的相关国际公约,梳理出其中有关承租人责任限制主体资格的规定。本文通过理论分析和案例分析明确了传统租船方式和新兴租船方式下各类承租人的责任限制主体资格。笔者认为可以享受海事赔偿责任限制的船舶承租人应当包括光船租赁承租人和定期租船承租人。而航次租船承租人、航次期租承租人和箱位承租人这三类承租人在法律地位上更为类似,较为接近于海上货物运输合同中的托运人,因而不能享受海事赔偿责任限制。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of shipping industry, the scope of the right subject of the limitation of maritime claim liability is also expanding correspondingly, and the subject who can enjoy the limitation of maritime claim liability develops from the owner of the ship to the charterer, the ship operator and so on. In order to determine the rights of limitation of liability of these subjects, the scope of the subject of limitation of liability for maritime claims is stipulated in the relevant international conventions, and the limitation rights of liability for maritime claims of the charterers of ships are given by each convention. However, the provisions of the relevant conventions are too general, only the general provisions of the charterer can enjoy the limitation of liability for maritime claims, but not the specific type of charterer can enjoy the liability limitation. The related cases in practice in recent years have highlighted this problem, which has aroused wide attention in the theoretical and practical circles. In this paper, through theoretical analysis, case analysis, legal interpretation, historical analysis and other research methods to determine the various types of ship charterers of maritime liability limitation qualification, In this way, the type of lessee who can enjoy the limitation of liability for maritime claims is clarified. In order to determine the qualification of all kinds of charterers to limit their liability for maritime claims, this paper first determines the criteria for the subject qualification of the charterers to enjoy the limitation of liability for maritime claims. At the same time, it summarizes the relevant international conventions concerning the limitation of liability for maritime claims, and combs out the provisions concerning the qualification of the subject of the limitation of liability of the lessee. Through theoretical analysis and case study, this paper clarifies the qualification of liability limitation subject of various charterers under traditional charterers and new charterers. The author thinks that the charterers who can enjoy the limitation of maritime liability should include bareboat charterers and time charterers. The charterers, charter charterers and charterers are more similar in legal status and are close to the shippers in the contract of carriage of goods by sea, so they can not enjoy the limitation of maritime liability.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.294

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